I've checked this 2009 answer: xsd - validating values from external dictionary file says not but says it only applies to XSD 1.0, not 1.1.
I've followed the links in the answer and they don't help (that I can see). This Validation Layer with interdependency checks says plonking schematron on top would work but we'd really like to avoid that (yet another tech, one which I've never used either, and we're dealing with potentially large amounts of data).
We need to do stuff like 'check this value is a valid UK postcode'.
So, can XSD do "callouts" for this as it validates?