[Nothing](http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html#Command-Substitution). The backtick version is older, easier to miss, and doesn't nest though.
– Etan ReisnerFeb 24 '15 at 16:44
@EtanReisner Personally, I consider the "doesn't nest" thing to be a significant enough difference to invalidate the assertion that "nothing" is different... But it's probably the only thing that's significantly different, given a reasonable definition of "significant"...
– twalbergFeb 24 '15 at 18:59
@twalberg Quoting is also saner with `$()` which I think it actually more significant but neither of those is material to the purpose which was, to my mind, the thrust of the question. That is to say someone asking this question likely isn't looking for the finer details at this point.
– Etan ReisnerFeb 24 '15 at 19:06
@EtanReisner Thanks. Is there a good example that explains the situation when nest is useful?
– Charles LuFeb 25 '15 at 20:53
I could contrive examples offhand but anytime you have two commands to run where one depends on the output of the other and don't want an intermediate variable.
– Etan ReisnerFeb 25 '15 at 20:59