This question deals with why you can't read the GDTR and LDTR in user-mode GDB. But I don't see why it shouldn't be possible when debugging a Linux kernel (with KGDB compiled in), using GDB on another machine with serial cable.
The kernel being debugged should be able to tell the debugger the values of the GDTR and LDTR, but it doesn't seem there is any GDB command to make it do so. Is there a good reason for this? Is it just something which nobody has implemented?