Reactjs setState() with a dynamic key name?

Question

EDIT: this is a duplicate, see here

I can't find any examples of using a dynamic key name when setting the state. This is what I want to do:

inputChangeHandler : function (event) {
    this.setState( { event.target.id  : event.target.value } );
},

where event.target.id is used as the state key to be updated. Is this not possible in React?

Answer 1

Thanks to @Cory's hint, i used this:

inputChangeHandler : function (event) {
    var stateObject = function() {
      returnObj = {};
      returnObj[this.target.id] = this.target.value;
         return returnObj;
    }.bind(event)();

    this.setState( stateObject );    
},

If using ES6 or the Babel transpiler to transform your JSX code, you can accomplish this with computed property names, too:

inputChangeHandler : function (event) {
    this.setState({ [event.target.id]: event.target.value });
    // alternatively using template strings for strings
    // this.setState({ [`key${event.target.id}`]: event.target.value });
}

Answer 2

When you need to handle multiple controlled input elements, you can add a name attribute to each element and let the handler function choose what to do based on the value of event.target.name.

For example:

inputChangeHandler(event) {
  this.setState({ [event.target.name]: event.target.value });
}

Answer 3

How I accomplished this...

inputChangeHandler: function(event) {
  var key = event.target.id
  var val = event.target.value
  var obj  = {}
  obj[key] = val
  this.setState(obj)
},

Answer 4

I just wanted to add, that you can also use de-structuring to refactor the code and make it look neater.

inputChangeHandler: function ({ target: { id, value }) {
    this.setState({ [id]: value });
},

Answer 5

this.setState({ [`${event.target.id}`]: event.target.value}, () => {
      console.log("State updated: ", JSON.stringify(this.state[event.target.id]));
    });

Please mind the quote character.

Answer 6

I had a similar problem.

I wanted to set the state of where the 2nd level key was stored in a variable.

e.g. this.setState({permissions[perm.code]: e.target.checked})

However this isn't valid syntax.

I used the following code to achieve this:

this.setState({
  permissions: {
    ...this.state.permissions,
    [perm.code]: e.target.checked
  }
});

Answer 7

In loop with .map work like this:

{
    dataForm.map(({ id, placeholder, type }) => {
        return <Input
            value={this.state.type}
            onChangeText={(text) => this.setState({ [type]: text })}
            placeholder={placeholder}
            key={id} />
    })
}

Note the [] in type parameter. Hope this helps :)

Answer 8

I was looking for a pretty and simple solution and I found this:

this.setState({ [`image${i}`]: image })

Hope this helps

Answer 9

With ES6+ you can just do [${variable}]

Answer 10

when the given element is a object:

handleNewObj = e => {
        const data = e[Object.keys(e)[0]];
        this.setState({
            anykeyofyourstate: {
                ...this.state.anykeyofyourstate,
                [Object.keys(e)[0]]: data
            }
        });
    };

hope it helps someone

Answer 11

Your state with dictionary update some key without losing other value

state = 
{   
    name:"mjpatel"  
    parsedFilter:
    {
      page:2,
      perPage:4,
      totalPages: 50,
    }
}

Solution is below

 let { parsedFilter } = this.state
 this.setState({
      parsedFilter: {
        ...this.state.parsedFilter,
        page: 5
      }
  });

here update value for key "page" with value 5

Answer 12

If you are using JS ES6+, it is [${variable}], to set the key:

// In React
onChange={e => setData({ [variable] : e.target.value })}

As well, if you want to access the dynamic key, you just use data[${variable}]:

// In React
value={data[variable]}

Answer 13

try this one please.

State is here as example

 this.state = {
            name: '',
            surname: '',
            username: '',
            email: '',
  }

Onchange function is here.

onChangeData = (type, event) => {
    const stateData = this.state;
    if (event === "" || event === "Seçiniz")
        stateData[type] = undefined
    else
        stateData[type] = event

    this.setState({ stateData});
}

Answer 14

Can use a spread syntax, something like this:

inputChangeHandler : function (event) {
    this.setState( { 
        ...this.state,
        [event.target.id]: event.target.value
    } );
},