I'm trying to determine the 802.11 protocol variant - from PcapNG trace files created by wireshark (see relevant question on StackOverflow, and another relevant question on StackOverflow).
The link-layer header type for the interface on which the packet was captured is LINKTYPE_IEEE802_11_RADIOTAP (127), so I can use radiotap.py to extract the Channel field and thus check if the 802.11 protocol variant is a, b, or g.
However, to check if I have 802.11n or 802.11ac, I need to access the XChannel/MCS or the VHT fields.
These fields are not defined in radiotap.py, which means I need to extend radiotap.py's parse function.
I tried and failed: I suspect I'm setting the alignment/structures wrong (or some other obscure bug) and the existing radiotap.py code isn't helping me much.
Can anyone suggest which changes should I make in radiotap.py so it'll recognise the XChannel, MCS, and VHT fields?
A sample PcapNG trace file is here.
My Python code is:
#!/usr/bin/env python
from pcapng import FileScanner
import radiotap
def hex_str_to_num(hex_str,out_format='X'):
if out_format.upper() == 'B':
return ' '.join(format(ord(x), out_format).zfill(8) for x in hex_str)
else:
return ' '.join(format(ord(x), out_format).zfill(2) for x in hex_str)
def get_protocol_variant(channel):
"""
0x0010 Turbo Channel
0x0020 CCK channel
0x0040 OFDM channel
0x0080 2 GHz spectrum channel
0x0100 5 GHz spectrum channel
0x0200 Only passive scan allowed
0x0400 Dynamic CCK-OFDM channel
0x0800 GFSK channel (FHSS PHY)
If link-layer header type for the interface is LINKTYPE_IEEE802_11, protocol variant
cannot be ascertained.
If link-layer header type for the interface is LINKTYPE_IEEE802_11_RADIOTAP, then
the packet begins with a radiotap header giving various meta-data about the packet.
If the radiotap header includes the Channel field, then, from the information there,
the protocol variant may be ascertained as following:
"5 GHz spectrum channel" + "OFDM channel" = 802.11a;
"2 GHz spectrum channel" + "CCK channel" = 802.11b;
"2 GHz spectrum channel" + "OFDM channel" = 802.11g;
"2 GHz spectrum channel" + "Dynamic CCK-OFDM channel" = 802.11g;
(the difference between the two flavors of 802.11g indicates whether there
might also be 802.11b traffic on the same channel - that's what the
"Dynamic CCK-OFDM channel" indicates).
However, if the MCS field is present, it's 802.11n, not any of those other types,
and if the VHT field is present, it's 802.11ac.
There might also be an XChannel field, which can be interpreted similarly to the
Channel field, although it also contains some information for 802.11n.
"""
def check(_name, _const):
_bit = None
if (channel & _const):
_bit = True
print _name,_bit
return _bit
TURBO = 0x0010
CCK = 0x0020
OFDM = 0x0040
GHz_2 = 0x0080
GHz_5 = 0x0100
PASSI = 0x0200
DYNAM = 0x0400
GFSK = 0x0800
variant = None
turbo = check("turbo", TURBO)
cck = check("cck", CCK)
ofdm = check("ofdm", OFDM)
ghz_2 = check("ghz_2", GHz_2)
ghz_5 = check("ghz_5", GHz_5)
passi = check("passi", PASSI)
dynam = check("dynam", DYNAM)
gfsk = check("gfsk", GFSK)
if ghz_5 and ofdm:
variant = "802.11a"
elif ghz_2 and cck:
variant = "802.11b"
elif ghz_2 and ofdm:
variant = "802.11g"
elif ghz_2 and dynam:
variant = "802.11g"
print "variant",variant
return variant
PCAPNG = "/cygdrive/c/tmp/trace3.pcapng"
MAX = 5
INTERFACEDESCRIPTION = 1
ENHANCEDPACKET = 6
LINKTYPE_IEEE802_11_RADIOTAP = 127
with open(PCAPNG, "r") as pcapng_file:
scanner = FileScanner(pcapng_file)
counter = MAX
link_type = None
for block in scanner:
print
print "magic_number",hex(block.magic_number)
print block
if block.magic_number == ENHANCEDPACKET:
if link_type == LINKTYPE_IEEE802_11_RADIOTAP:
payload_data = block.packet_payload_info[2]
print "packet_payload_data (hex):",hex_str_to_num(payload_data,"X")
radiotap_dict = radiotap.parse(payload_data)
radiotap_hedear_len = radiotap.get_length(payload_data)
print "radiotap_dict",radiotap_dict
channel = radiotap_dict[radiotap.RTAP_CHANNEL]
protocol_variant = get_protocol_variant(channel)
print "protocol_variant",protocol_variant
"""
print "channel",channel,hex(channel),bin(channel)
print "radiotap_hedear_len",radiotap_hedear_len
payload_802_11 = payload_data[radiotap_hedear_len+1:]
print "payload_802_11 (hex)",hex_str_to_num(payload_802_11,"X")
"""
elif block.magic_number == INTERFACEDESCRIPTION:
link_type = block.link_type
counter -= 1
if not counter:
break
and its output is:
magic_number 0xa0d0d0a
SectionHeader(version_major=1, version_minor=0, section_length=-1, options=Options({'shb_userappl': [u'Dumpcap 1.12.4 (v1.12.4-0-gb4861da from master-1.12)'], 'shb_os': [u'Mac OS X 10.10.2, build 14C109 (Darwin 14.1.0)']}))
magic_number 0x1
InterfaceDescription(link_type=127, reserved='\x00\x00', snaplen=262144, options=Options({'if_os': [u'Mac OS X 10.10.2, build 14C109 (Darwin 14.1.0)'], 'if_tsresol': [6], 'if_name': [u'en1']}))
magic_number 0x6
EnhancedPacket(interface_id=0, timestamp_high=332139, timestamp_low=2801116064L, packet_payload_info=(45, 45, '\x00\x00\x19\x00o\x08\x00\x00`I\xb2&\x00\x00\x00\x00\x12\x18q\x16@\x01\xb1\xaa\x00\xb4\x00\x90\x00\xf4\x0f\x1b\xb8sL`\x92\x175\x00\x01\xe3\xcf\x00\x12'), options=Options({}))
packet_payload_data (hex): 00 00 19 00 6F 08 00 00 60 49 B2 26 00 00 00 00 12 18 71 16 40 01 B1 AA 00 B4 00 90 00 F4 0F 1B B8 73 4C 60 92 17 35 00 01 E3 CF 00 12
radiotap_dict {0: 649218400, 1: 18, 2: 24, 3: 20977265, 5: -79, 6: -86, 11: 0}
turbo True
cck True
ofdm True
passi True
dynam True
variant None
protocol_variant None
magic_number 0x6
EnhancedPacket(interface_id=0, timestamp_high=332139, timestamp_low=2801116070L, packet_payload_info=(39, 39, '\x00\x00\x19\x00o\x08\x00\x00\x92I\xb2&\x00\x00\x00\x00\x12\x18q\x16@\x01\xcd\xaa\x00\xc4\x00`\x00`\x92\x175\x00\x01\xf7eny'), options=Options({}))
packet_payload_data (hex): 00 00 19 00 6F 08 00 00 92 49 B2 26 00 00 00 00 12 18 71 16 40 01 CD AA 00 C4 00 60 00 60 92 17 35 00 01 F7 65 6E 79
radiotap_dict {0: 649218450, 1: 18, 2: 24, 3: 20977265, 5: -51, 6: -86, 11: 0}
turbo True
cck True
ofdm True
passi True
dynam True
variant None
protocol_variant None
magic_number 0x6
EnhancedPacket(interface_id=0, timestamp_high=332139, timestamp_low=2801116213L, packet_payload_info=(57, 57, '\x00\x00\x19\x00o\x08\x00\x00\tJ\xb2&\x00\x00\x00\x00\x12\x18q\x16@\x01\xca\xaa\x00\x94\x00\x00\x00`\x92\x175\x00\x01\xf4\x0f\x1b\xb8sL\x04\x00\xc0#\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xffX\xd0Y\\'), options=Options({}))
packet_payload_data (hex): 00 00 19 00 6F 08 00 00 09 4A B2 26 00 00 00 00 12 18 71 16 40 01 CA AA 00 94 00 00 00 60 92 17 35 00 01 F4 0F 1B B8 73 4C 04 00 C0 23 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF 58 D0 59 5C
radiotap_dict {0: 649218569, 1: 18, 2: 24, 3: 20977265, 5: -54, 6: -86, 11: 0}
turbo True
cck True
ofdm True
passi True
dynam True
variant None
protocol_variant None
