There is a GitHub library for PHP, if your site happens to use PHP
github.com php-google-spreadsheet-client
There are a few options:
- Google Sites - With a Google Stand Alone HTML Apps Script in a Apps Script Gadget
- Google Stand Alone HTML Apps Script
- Website that Uses the Sheets API
If you try to access a Google sheet from a website with a different domain name, you will get a CORS error. CORS is a Cross Origin Resource Sharing. Each option for connecting to a spreadsheet has it's own issues. If you use a Stand Alone HTML App with Apps Script, you can't have a domain name. A free Google Site, doesn't have a domain name, but it's a nicer URL, and a Google Site can be mapped to a domain name. A website with a regular domain name, will require an API to do something with Sheets. The documentation for the Sheets API show examples written in Protocol, Java, and .Net. But, the documentation states:
A number of client libraries are provided in various languages. These client libraries make it easier to interact with the Sheets API.
But I don't see any reference to where all these various languages are.
I don't know of any easy to understand documentation for using a Google spreadsheet as a data source from a website. So, unfortunately, I don't know of an easy answer. The answer depends on what you want/need, and how much time and skill you have to set it up.
So, do you need a domain name or not? You can map a Google Site to a domain name:
https://support.google.com/sites/answer/99448?hl=en
But the documentation also states:
You can't map your domain to what is known as a naked domain, such as http://example.com
If you need to use a website and connect to the Google spreadsheet with an API, you'll need to run an authorization. Otherwise, any website could read/write to your spreadsheet.
Obviously there are websites that write data to Google spreadsheets, so it's possible.
You can also look at posts like this:
google-spreadsheet-api-with-php
how-do-i-access-the-google-spreadsheets-api-in-php