Short Answer: Any emoji which is standard in the unicode character set will be a valid variable name in Java, Swift, or JavaScript.
Long Answer: There are 1282 unicode emoji, which you can find here.
Emoji variable names are a joke. But not all emoji are happy/sad faces. Some emoji are animals, foods, buildings, clocks displaying various times, sports, various technologies, currencies, and flags. So it is entirely possible you could sometimes use an emoji as a useful descriptor of your variable.
Here is a working Hello World example using emojis as variable names (they display correctly in my text editor, but not in GitHub's gist).
Please don't do this on any project I'm working on.