Since it seems like any PHP or JavaScript gets stripped out what I would look at next is seeing if you can leverage any of the existing styles on the site - particularly if the site is already responsive. Are there elements that get hidden or altered when reducing the browser window?
Inspect the CSS using your browsers developer tools (F12 in IE and FF (ctrl + shift + i in Chrome?)) and see if there are already any media queries in the CSS. It's a long shot but there may be something like what Stewartside suggests already there. If so you may be able to add one of the classes targeted within that query to a content wrapper div in your HTML box. Again using the class from Stewartside's example for clarity:
<div class="mobileHidden">Do what you want here</div>
Otherwise you may have to get in touch with the people that manage the CMS, explain your requirement and ask if they can add some styles to the CSS.