PersistenceException: No persistence provider found for schema generation for persistence-unit named default

Question

I have tried to set up a gradle task that runs a java main class that is intended to generate a SQL schema.

I have no persistence.xml configuration file.

Here is my configuration and code:

My gradle task:

task JpaSchemaExport(type: JavaExec){
       description "Exports Jpa schema"
       dependsOn compileJava
       main = "com.bignibou.tools.jpa.JpaSchemaExport"
       classpath = sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath + configurations.compile
    }

My export utility:

public class JpaSchemaExport {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // execute(args[0], args[1]);
        execute("default", "build/schema.sql");
        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void execute(String persistenceUnitName, String destination) {
        final Properties persistenceProperties = new Properties();

        // XXX force persistence properties : remove database target
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(org.hibernate.cfg.AvailableSettings.HBM2DDL_AUTO, "");
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_DATABASE_ACTION, "none");

        // XXX force persistence properties : define create script target from metadata to destination
        // persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_CREATE_SCHEMAS, "true");
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_SCRIPTS_ACTION, "create");
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_CREATE_SOURCE, "metadata");
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_SCRIPTS_CREATE_TARGET, destination);

        Persistence.generateSchema(persistenceUnitName, persistenceProperties);
    }
}

My data configuration:

@Bean
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory() {
    LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emf = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
    emf.setPackagesToScan("com.bignibou.domain");
    emf.setDataSource(dataSource);
    emf.setPersistenceProvider(new HibernatePersistenceProvider());
    emf.setJpaVendorAdapter(new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter());
    emf.setJpaPropertyMap(propertiesMap());
    return emf;
}

private Map<String, String> propertiesMap() {
    Map<String, String> propertiesMap = new HashMap<>();
    propertiesMap.put("hibernate.dialect", hibernateDialect);
    propertiesMap.put("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", hibernateHbm2ddlAuto);
    propertiesMap.put("hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy", hibernateEjbNamingStrategy);
    propertiesMap.put("hibernate.connection.charSet", hibernateConnectionCharset);
    propertiesMap.put("hibernate.show_sql", hibernateLogSqlInfo);
    propertiesMap.put("hibernate.format_sql", hibernateLogSqlInfo);
    propertiesMap.put("hibernate.use_sql_comments", hibernateLogSqlInfo);
    propertiesMap.put("hibernate.generate_statistics", hibernateGenerateStatistics);
    propertiesMap.put("hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache", hibernateCacheUseSecondLevelCache);
    propertiesMap.put("hibernate.cache.region.factory_class", "org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.SingletonEhCacheRegionFactory");
    propertiesMap.put("javax.persistence.sharedCache.mode", "ENABLE_SELECTIVE");
    return propertiesMap;
}

Here is the exception I get:

Exception in thread "main" javax.persistence.PersistenceException: No persistence provider found for schema generation for persistence-unit named default
 at javax.persistence.Persistence.generateSchema(Persistence.java:93)
 at com.bignibou.tools.jpa.JpaSchemaExport.execute(JpaSchemaExport.java:31)
 at com.bignibou.tools.jpa.JpaSchemaExport.main(JpaSchemaExport.java:14)

edit: I do get warnings indeed:

:bignibou-server:JpaSchemaExport
2015-05-16 14:46:44,423 [main] WARN  org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence - HHH015016: Encountered a deprecated javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceProvider [org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence]; use [org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider] instead.
2015-05-16 14:46:44,423 [main] WARN  org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence - HHH015016: Encountered a deprecated javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceProvider [org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence]; use [org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider] instead.
2015-05-16 14:46:44,423 [main] WARN  org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence - HHH015016: Encountered a deprecated javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceProvider [org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence]; use [org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider] instead.
Exception in thread "main" javax.persistence.PersistenceException: No persistence provider found for schema generation for persistence-unit named default
 at javax.persistence.Persistence.generateSchema(Persistence.java:93)
 at com.bignibou.tools.jpa.JpaSchemaExport.execute(JpaSchemaExport.java:32)
 at com.bignibou.tools.jpa.JpaSchemaExport.main(JpaSchemaExport.java:14)
:bignibou-server:JpaSchemaExport FAILED

Looking at the `AvailableSettings` class, there is a `PROVIDER` constant, which according to docs is "The name of the PersistenceProvider implementor". So maybe you should set that property too. The value should be probably FQN of `HibernatePersistenceProvider` class, but unfortunately the docs are not clear on this ... — Bohuslav Burghardt, May 16 '15 at 11:17
Thanks. I have tried adding the following line: `persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.PROVIDER, "org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider");` to no avail... — balteo, May 16 '15 at 12:44
@andih: I use Spring Boot and I not defined any persistence unit name which seems to default to "default". — balteo, May 16 '15 at 13:15
the default PersistenceUnit according to the Documentation http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/orm/jpa/AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.html, also according to the JPA specification is none (empty). Try to set the PersistenceUnit `emf. setPersistenceUnitName("default");` If "default" is the default name of the PersistenceUnit than this should not change anything, otherwise it defines a named PersistenceUnit with name "default" which you are already referencing. — andih, May 16 '15 at 13:29
I've applied the suggested change and I get the same error as before. It is really as if my utility does not see my application's classes... It is therefore most probably a classpath issue related to my gradle config but I am not sure how to sort it... — balteo, May 16 '15 at 13:34
I implemented a similar thing, but ended extending `javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitInfo` and then created emf like `emf = new HibernatePersistenceProvider().createContainerEntityManagerFactory(puInfo, null);` — V G, May 18 '15 at 10:16

andih · Accepted Answer · 2015-05-17T18:40:10.160

Your JpaSchemaExport is not executed within a Spring Context as far as I can see from your code.

When you run your JpaSchemaExport from Gradle or command line you create your own EntityManager which has nothing to do with Spring and looks for a persistence.xml file in the META-INF directory. For Spring Boot Applications this file is not needed and thus may not exist.

When I run something which looks similar your JpaSchemaExport the output is something like

[main] INFO  o.h.j.b.i.PersistenceXmlParser - HHH000318: Could not find any META-INF/persistence.xml file in the class path
[main] DEBUG o.h.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider - Located and parsed 0  persistence units; checking each 
[main] DEBUG o.h.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider - Found no matching persistence units Exception in thread "main"
javax.persistence.PersistenceException: No persistence provider found
for schema generation for persistence-unit named default    at
javax.persistence.Persistence.generateSchema(Persistence.java:93)   at
com.example.springboot.jpa.JpaSchemaExport.execute(JpaSchemaExport.java:42)
    at
com.example.springboot.jpa.JpaSchemaExport.main(JpaSchemaExport.java:14)

A Spring Boot Commandline Application (one that has a Spring Context) looks something like:

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application implements CommandLineRunner {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... strings) throws Exception {

    }

}

i.e. your JpaSchemaExport may be rewritten as

@SpringBootApplication
public class JpaSchemaExport implements CommandLineRunner {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // maybe activate a special spring profile to enable 
        // "hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", validate | update | create | create-drop
        // AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_DATABASE_ACTION, "none" 
        // AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_CREATE_SCHEMAS, "true"
        // AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_SCRIPTS_ACTION, "create"
        // AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_CREATE_SOURCE, "metadata"
        // AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_SCRIPTS_CREATE_TARGET, destination

        SpringApplication.run(JpaSchemaExport.class);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... strings) throws Exception {
       // nothing needed here 
    }

}

As an alternative you can create a META-INF/persistence.xml which can be used by your Spring Boot application as well as by your JpaSchemaExport.

score 2 · Answer 2 · answered May 16 '15 at 11:12

2

Your code is very good and clean. Is there any other warning on server startup like log4j properties missing .. etc.,

I think the problem is related to some missing jar or classpath entry, though not sure about it.

answered May 16 '15 at 11:12

Waqar

428
4
17

you're right. I am positive it is related to a classpath configuration issue. Any gradle user has any idea on how to sort this? – balteo May 16 '15 at 13:54

score 2 · Answer 3 · answered May 21 '15 at 13:46

It seems that Persistence.generateSchema() uses PersistenceProviderResolverHolder which holds a PersistenceProviderResolver to get a list of all available PersistenceProviders. Maybe you should try implementing your own PersistenceProviderResolver (only 2 methods) to return the one you want to use (org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider) before calling Persistence.generateSchema().

PersistenceProviderResolverHolder.setPersistenceProviderResolver(new PersistenceProviderResolver() {

    public List<PersistenceProvider> getPersistenceProviders() {
        return Collections.singletonList(new HibernatePersistenceProvider());
    }

    public void clearCachedProviders() {}
});

blacky · Answer 4 · 2017-02-15T19:07:17.430

Generating schema with Spring Boot app:

import org.hibernate.jpa.AvailableSettings;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import java.util.Properties;

@SpringBootApplication
public class JpaSchemaExport implements CommandLineRunner {
    @Autowired LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory;

    public static void main(String... args) {
        new SpringApplicationBuilder(JpaSchemaExport.class).run(args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        final Properties persistenceProperties = new Properties();

        // XXX force persistence properties : remove database target
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(org.hibernate.cfg.AvailableSettings.HBM2DDL_AUTO, "");
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_DATABASE_ACTION, "none");

        // XXX force persistence properties : define create script target from metadata to destination
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_CREATE_SCHEMAS, "true");
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_SCRIPTS_ACTION, "create");
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_CREATE_SOURCE, "metadata");
        persistenceProperties.setProperty(AvailableSettings.SCHEMA_GEN_SCRIPTS_CREATE_TARGET, "./generated-schema.ddl");

        // generate sql with semicolon - workaround for HHH-10278
        String systemLineSeparator = System.getProperty("line.separator");
        System.setProperty("line.separator", ';' + systemLineSeparator);
        // get a persistence provider from spring context
        entityManagerFactory.getJpaVendorAdapter().getPersistenceProvider().generateSchema(entityManagerFactory.getPersistenceUnitInfo(), persistenceProperties);

        System.setProperty("line.separator", systemLineSeparator);
        System.exit(0);
    }

}

score 1 · Answer 5 · answered May 21 '15 at 20:30

You would need to set an explicit name for the persistence unit that is created programmatically using the following method and then make sure to call the afterPropertiesSet() method:

emf.setPersistenceUnitName( "puname" );
...
emf.afterPropertiesSet();

Refer to your persistence unit using this name instead of "default"

score 0 · Answer 6 · answered May 24 '21 at 06:14

If I don't use META-INF/persistence.xml, persistence-unit is not found by its name.

I had to inject the EntityManagerFactory:

@Autowired private LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emf;

... and find the persistence-unit by the info object:

PersistenceProvider provider = emf.getJpaVendorAdapter().getPersistenceProvider();
provider.generateSchema(emf.getPersistenceUnitInfo(), persistenceProperties);

This worked for me. I hope it could help someone else too.

PersistenceException: No persistence provider found for schema generation for persistence-unit named default

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