Variable variable class extensions in PHP--is it possible?

Question

Is something like the following possible in PHP?

$blah = 'foo1';

class foo2 extends $blah {
    //...
}

class foo1 {
    //...
}

This gives an error.

I want to dynamically set $blah so I can extend whatever class I want.

Edit: The reason for wanting to do this because I wanted to use a function out of another class in a related class. In the end it would have been something like:

Final extends foo1 extends foo2 extends foo3 extends foo4 extends parent { ... }

In the end I decided to instantiate the other class within the class and use it. Not the best options because they both you 2 of the same classes, but this won't be used that often, so it will work for now.

Answer 1

You're assuming here php executes top to bottom, but it doesn't quite work like that:

<?php
foo();  # works

function foo(){
  print "bar";
}

---

<?php

foo();  #dies

if( $i == 1 )
{
  function foo(){
    print "bar";
  }
}

---

<?php
$i = 1;
if( $i == 1 )
{
  function foo(){
    print "bar";
  }
}

foo(); #works

---

Now, although you can conditionally create classes:

<?php

class A { }
class B { }
if( false ){ 
  class C extends B { 
    public static function bar(){
      print "baz"; 
    }
  }
}
C::bar(); # dies

You cant instantiate one at runtime from a variable:

<?php
class A { }
class B { }
$x = 'B'; 
if( false ){ 
  class C extends $x { 
    public static function bar(){
      print "baz"; 
    }
  }
}
C::bar();
---> Parse error: syntax error, unexpected T_VARIABLE, expecting T_STRING in /tmp/eg.php on line 7

There is a way to do it with Eval, but you really don't want to go there:

<?php

class A { }
class B { }
$x = 'B'; 
if( true ){ 
 $code =<<<EOF
  class C extends $x { 
    public static function bar(){
      print "baz"; 
    }
  }
EOF;

  eval( $code );
}
C::bar();
$o = new C; 
if ( $o instanceof $x )
{
  print "WIN!\n";
}
--->barWIN!

However, there is a more important question here:

Why the hell would you want to extend a different class at runtime

Anybody using your code will want to hold you down and whip you for that.

( Alternatively, if you're into whipping, do that eval trick )

Answer 2

I know this question was asked a long time ago, but the answer is relatively simple.

Assuming you want to extend class foo if class foo exists, or class bar if it doesn't, you'd use:

if(!class_exists('foo')) {
    class foo extends bar {
        function __construct() {
            parent::__construct();
        }
    }
}

class myclass extends foo{
    //YOUR CLASS HERE
}

Answer 3

Using PHP overloading you can accomplish this to a certain extent.

class variable_class {
    public $orginalBaseClass;
    public $orginalArgs;

    public function __construct() {
        // Get constructor parameters.
        $this->orginalArgs = func_get_args();
        // Get class name from args or 3rd party source.
        $classname = 'stdClass';

        // Pass along args to new class.
        $this->orginalBaseClass = new $classname($this->orginalArgs);
    }

    public function __call($name, $arguments) {
        // Pass all method calls to the orginalBaseClass.
        return call_user_func_array(array($this->orginalBaseClass, $name), $arguments);
    }
}

I'm using this pattern inside a Drupal module for prefetching data from the cache.

Answer 4

I don't see how this would be particularly useful, but to answer your question... no. There's no way to dynamically do that because the generated class has to be instantiated before the variable is evaluated (if that makes sense).

To put it simply: The class must exist before the code can be properly executed.

Answer 5

I assume that this is for ease-of-maintenance, right? Extending a class at run time really is pretty crazy.

class SuperClassOne { /* code */ }
class SuperClassTwo { /* code */ }

class IntermediateClass extends SuperClassOne { /* empty! */ }

class DescendantClassFoo extends IntermediateClass{ }
class DescendantClassBar extends IntermediateClass{ }
class DescendantClassBaz extends IntermediateClass{ }

Then, when you want to change all your DescendantClass* classes, you just have to change what the IntermediateClass extends:

class IntermediateClass extends SuperClassTwo { }

Answer 6

If you don't have too many values for $blah, you could extend each one in a different file then require_once "classes/foo_$blah.php"

Otherwise, you're stuck with the eval() solution... good luck with that... :)

Answer 7

I tested something with defines and barking:

<?php
    define("INHERIT",A);

    class A{
        public function bark(){
            return "I'm A";
        }
    }
    class B{
        public function bark(){
            return "I'm B";
        }
    }

    class C extends INHERIT{}

    //main?
    $dog = new C();
    echo $dog->bark();
?>

the output is:

Fatal error: Class 'INHERIT' not found in D:\sites\inherit.php on line 15

so the answer for "are variable class extensions possible?" is: No.

Answer 8

you should have tried $$

$blah = 'foo1';
class foo2 extends $$blah {
    //...
}

class foo1 {
    //...
}