No such file or directory "limits.h" when installing Pillow on Alpine Linux

Question

I'm running alpine-linux on a Raspberry Pi 2. I'm trying to install Pillow via this command:

pip install pillow

This is the output from the command:

Installing collected packages: pillow
Running setup.py install for pillow
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-nDKwei-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7
    creating build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/XpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/WmfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/WebPImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/WalImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/TiffTags.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/TgaImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/TarIO.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/SunImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/SpiderImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/SgiImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PyAccess.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PSDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PsdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PngImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PixarImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PdfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PcfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PcdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PalmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/PaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/OleFileIO.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/MspImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/MpoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/MpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/MicImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/McIdasImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/JpegPresets.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/JpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/Jpeg2KImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImtImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageWin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageTransform.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageTk.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageStat.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageShow.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageSequence.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageQt.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImagePath.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImagePalette.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageOps.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageMorph.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageMode.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageMath.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageGrab.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageFont.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageFilter.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageFileIO.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageEnhance.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageDraw2.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageColor.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageCms.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ImageChops.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/Image.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/IcoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/IcnsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/GribStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/GimpPaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/GimpGradientFile.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/GifImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/GdImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/GbrImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/FpxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/FontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/FliImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/FitsStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ExifTags.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/DcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/CurImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/ContainerIO.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/BufrStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/BmpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/BdfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/_util.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/_binary.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    copying PIL/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    running egg_info
    writing Pillow.egg-info/PKG-INFO
    writing top-level names to Pillow.egg-info/top_level.txt
    writing dependency_links to Pillow.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
    warning: manifest_maker: standard file '-c' not found

    reading manifest file 'Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
    reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
    warning: no files found matching 'LICENSE' under directory 'docs'
    writing manifest file 'Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
    copying PIL/OleFileIO-README.md -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL
    running build_ext
    building 'PIL._imaging' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c _imaging.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/_imaging.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c outline.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/outline.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/Bands.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Bands.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/ConvertYCbCr.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/ConvertYCbCr.o
    In file included from _imaging.c:76:0:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from outline.c:20:0:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/ConvertYCbCr.c:15:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/Bands.c:19:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/Draw.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Draw.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/Filter.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Filter.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/GifEncode.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/GifEncode.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/LzwDecode.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/LzwDecode.o
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/Draw.c:35:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/Filter.c:27:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/GifEncode.c:20:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/LzwDecode.c:31:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/Offset.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Offset.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/Quant.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Quant.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/PcxDecode.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/PcxDecode.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/RawEncode.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/RawEncode.o
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/Offset.c:18:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/Quant.c:21:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/PcxDecode.c:17:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/RawEncode.c:21:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/UnpackYCC.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/UnpackYCC.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/ZipEncode.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/ZipEncode.o
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/libImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c libImaging/BoxBlur.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/BoxBlur.o
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/UnpackYCC.c:17:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from libImaging/ImPlatform.h:10:0,
                    from libImaging/Imaging.h:14,
                    from libImaging/ZipEncode.c:18:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from libImaging/BoxBlur.c:1:0:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    Building using 4 processes
    gcc -shared -Wl,--as-needed build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/_imaging.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/decode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/encode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/map.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/display.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/outline.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/path.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Access.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/AlphaComposite.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Resample.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Bands.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/BitDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Blend.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Chops.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Convert.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/ConvertYCbCr.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Copy.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Crc32.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Crop.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Dib.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Draw.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Effects.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/EpsEncode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/File.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Fill.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Filter.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/FliDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Geometry.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/GetBBox.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/GifDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/GifEncode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/HexDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Histo.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/JpegDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/JpegEncode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/LzwDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Matrix.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/ModeFilter.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/MspDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Negative.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Offset.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Pack.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/PackDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Palette.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Paste.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Quant.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/QuantOctree.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/QuantHash.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/QuantHeap.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/PcdDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/PcxDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/PcxEncode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Point.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/RankFilter.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/RawDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/RawEncode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Storage.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/SunRleDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/TgaRleDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Unpack.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/UnpackYCC.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/UnsharpMask.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/XbmDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/XbmEncode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/ZipDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/ZipEncode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/TiffDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Incremental.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Jpeg2KDecode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Jpeg2KEncode.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/BoxBlur.o -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -ljpeg -lpython2.7 -o build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/PIL/_imaging.so
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/_imaging.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/decode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/encode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/map.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/display.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/outline.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/path.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Access.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/AlphaComposite.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Resample.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Bands.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/BitDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Blend.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Chops.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Convert.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/ConvertYCbCr.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Copy.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Crc32.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Crop.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Dib.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Draw.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Effects.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/EpsEncode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/File.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Fill.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Filter.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/FliDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Geometry.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/GetBBox.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/GifDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/GifEncode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/HexDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Histo.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/JpegDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/JpegEncode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/LzwDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Matrix.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/ModeFilter.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/MspDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Negative.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Offset.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Pack.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/PackDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Palette.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Paste.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Quant.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/QuantOctree.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/QuantHash.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/QuantHeap.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/PcdDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/PcxDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/PcxEncode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Point.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/RankFilter.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/RawDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/RawEncode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Storage.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/SunRleDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/TgaRleDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Unpack.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/UnpackYCC.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/UnsharpMask.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/XbmDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/XbmEncode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/ZipDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/ZipEncode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/TiffDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Incremental.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Jpeg2KDecode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/Jpeg2KEncode.o: No such file or directory
    gcc: error: build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/libImaging/BoxBlur.o: No such file or directory
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python -c "import setup tools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-nDKwei-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-gNq0WA/pillow

I think this is probably the relevant section:

In file included from libImaging/BoxBlur.c:1:0:
    /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:19:20: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory
    #include <limits.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.

My research shows it's probably something with the header files. I have installed these:

apk add py-configobj libusb py-pip python-dev gcc linux-headers
pip install --upgrade pip
pip install -U setuptools
pip install Cheetah
pip install pyusb

You might need to install the packages linux-kernel-headers and glibc-devel using your operating systems package manager — shuttle87, Jun 03 '15 at 15:49
Ah, ok, thank you for the tip (and for formatting my question, sorry I'm new). I checked Alpine-Linux repo and found linux-headers does seem to be the right package [link](http://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/contents?pkgname=linux-headers&arch=armhf) but it doesn't look like that package contains limits.h. I searched for glibc and no dice. This did make me think of searching for limits.h. [LINK](http://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/contents?filename=limits.h&path=&pkgname=&arch=armhf) I tried the most obvious one: linux-rpi-dev, reran the installer but still no dice. Same error — uberma, Jun 03 '15 at 21:55

score 386 · Accepted Answer · edited Nov 25 '18 at 23:32

386

Alpine Linux uses musl libc. You probably need to install musl-dev.

edited Nov 25 '18 at 23:32

Édouard Lopez

40,270
28
126
178

answered Jun 16 '15 at 16:27

Zakaria

3,924
1
11
2

40

This did not work for me. I had to `apk add linux-headers` as Riccardo suggested. – digitalfoo Dec 21 '16 at 03:45
8

Weird. This worked for me, but linux-headers did not. FROM python:3.6.6-alpine3.7 – DrFriedParts Jul 13 '18 at 05:36
7

On Alpine 3.10.3, installing `musl-dev` did the trick. Installing `linux-headers` did nothing. – rschwieb Jan 09 '20 at 15:58
On Alpine 3.18.3, installing `linux-headers` did the trick. Installing `musl-dev` did nothing. – Akito Aug 25 '23 at 12:23

score 112 · Answer 2 · answered Feb 29 '16 at 09:12

112

@zakaria answer is correct, but if you stumble upon

fatal error: linux/limits.h: No such file or directory

then you need the package linux-headers (notice the prefix linux before limits.h

apk add linux-headers

answered Feb 29 '16 at 09:12

Riccardo Galli

12,419
6
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13

@guneysus FYI, adding `musl-dev` worked for me on `alpine 3.5`. Adding `linux-headers` was not sufficient (and I am not sure was necessary). As Riccardo says, it depends on name of the missing file. – HRJ Jun 09 '17 at 07:49
1

@HRJ - I personally only needed `musl-dev` – TJ Biddle Aug 21 '18 at 03:57

score 44 · Answer 3 · answered Feb 07 '18 at 17:31

44

limits.h is located in libc-dev:

apk add libc-dev

answered Feb 07 '18 at 17:31

Alexandre

1,635
14
21

This is the same for debian `stretch` – Édouard Lopez Nov 26 '18 at 00:21
6

alpine uses musl and musl-dev instead – der_michael Oct 22 '19 at 04:25
7

Acutally `musl-dev` is needed, it just happens that `libc-dev` has `musl-dev` as as dependency: https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/package/edge/main/x86_64/libc-dev – ruohola Sep 09 '20 at 21:12

score 17 · Answer 4 · edited Nov 11 '21 at 16:21

17

I had a very similar problem with installing the Python library regex in Docker using the python:3.6-alpine image, for Alpine Linux >= 3.3.

pip install regex

I had to add gcc and musl-dev packages:

apk --no-cache add gcc musl-dev

edited Nov 11 '21 at 16:21

Wouter

534
3
14
22

answered Jun 14 '17 at 19:51

malmed

2,698
2
13
11

score 4 · Answer 5 · answered Feb 08 '16 at 19:06

4

I've found some python packages fail to install via pip install but work if you install the associated alpine linux package. For example pip install uwsgi fails complaining about limits.h, but apk add uwsgi-python works fine. Suggest trying apk add py-pillow instead of pip install pillow.

answered Feb 08 '16 at 19:06

rcurrie

49
3

It looks like they removed the python3 module from the alpine 3.3 repos. Do you have any clues why the builds fail anyway? Even when adding linux-headers and musl-dev I get lots of errors similar to this one: core/utils.c: In function 'uwsgi_as_root': core/utils.c:344:7: error: implicit declaration of function 'unshare' [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration] if (unshare(uwsgi.unshare)) { ^ – Rubén Durá Tarí Mar 21 '16 at 14:02

score 3 · Answer 6 · edited Dec 28 '22 at 11:35

3

I faced this problem on python:3.10-slim-buster image.

Solved with RUN apt-get --no-install-recommends install -y build-essential

Although this won't work in Alpine, it may be useful to others who experience the same problem in other environments.

edited Dec 28 '22 at 11:35

Cody Gray - on strike

239,200
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574

answered Aug 04 '22 at 09:53

Yevhen Bondar

4,357
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1

The minimal requirements you would actually need to solve this problem in `python:3.X-slim-buster` images (thus keeping the image actually as slim as possibile) are `gcc` and `libc6-dev` (which are part of Ubuntu's `build-essential`, together with `make`, `g++` and `dpkg-dev`) and you can install them through `RUN apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y && apt-get install gcc libc6-dev -y --no-install-recommends --fix-missing` – NDonelli Jan 14 '23 at 23:28

No such file or directory "limits.h" when installing Pillow on Alpine Linux

6 Answers6

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