Well, I think it isn't quite easy to say Android via a WebView to open the Chrome Browser as this in-app browser could be a lot different.
What you could try, as mentioned in the article Here is to trigger a click on an anchor which is calling an "pseudo" intent and add the fallback_url .
There isn't much details provided but it could be a possible hack / workaround.
In your HTML
<a href="intent://url/#Intent;scheme=lala;package=com.google.chrome;S.browser_fallback_url=http%3A%2F%2Fyourappurl.com;end" class="open_me">...</a>
And with JS:
$(".open_me").trigger("click");
According to the article
Now the URL will get you to zxing.org if the app could not be found, or the link was triggered from JavaScript without user gesture
(or for other cases where we don’t launch an external application.)
If you're lucky it will open the fallback_url, but as mentioned before it is a WebView which isn't the same as the Chrome Browser, therefore it is possible that nothing happens.