You don't really have control over the window size, and even if you will try to re-size it it may fail. I've asked the same question on MSDN forums and got the answer here:
Windows 10 universal DirectX application
BTW, here is the solution in your event handler "OnLaunched" or in your Event Handler "OnActivated" find:
Window.Current.Activate();
And replace it with:
float DPI = Windows.Graphics.Display.DisplayInformation.GetForCurrentView().LogicalDpi;
Windows.UI.ViewManagement.ApplicationView.PreferredLaunchWindowingMode = Windows.UI.ViewManagement.ApplicationViewWindowingMode.PreferredLaunchViewSize;
var desiredSize = new Windows.Foundation.Size(((float)800 * 96.0f / DPI), ((float)600 * 96.0f / DPI));
Windows.UI.ViewManagement.ApplicationView.PreferredLaunchViewSize = desiredSize;
Window.Current.Activate();
bool result = Windows.UI.ViewManagement.ApplicationView.GetForCurrentView().TryResizeView(desiredSize);
It is better if you place this code into the "OnActivated()" event handler as it will set your defined size when the app starts and when it becomes active after any interruptions.
In the "desiredSize" calculation, 800 is the width and 600 is the height. This calculation is needed, because the size is in DPI, so you have to convert it from pixels to DPI.
Also keep in mind that size cannot be smaller than "320x200".