Yup.
I have it working for a pretty complex subdirs template.
Qmake can generate the visual studio solution file and vcxproj, look here:
http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qmake-platform-notes.html#creating-visual-studio-project-files
What I do is use the Qmake project as the master project, and generate the VS stuff out of folder as temporaries. This prevents Visual studio from tangling up in your source files as well as in the qmake stuff. And you can also port it to other OSs without any hassle. Using this approach, if you want to add files to your project, don't do it through VS, but add it to the .PRO file and re-run qmake.
The only thing (that I've found) is if you change anything that needs to be MOC'd, then re-run qmake.
If you want CMake exclusively then this is a nice guide
http://www.kdab.com/using-cmake-with-qt-5/.
The qmake way is a little cleaner as you don't get all the extra noise of finding Qt libraries as you need in CMake.