If you mean to get the windows logged in username alone, there is a way. And it only works in Internet Explorer, the latest browser Edge probably supports this. It will not work in any other browser!
<script type="text/javascript">
var WinNetwork = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Network");
alert(WinNetwork.UserName);
</script>
Now, if you want to know the password as well, there is absolutely no way from pure JavaScript. The browser context will not be able to access such details from the system it is running, because of security reasons. And even if it works, it will be a Microsoft only, IE/Edge Only solution, which is not what web is targeted to.
If you do not want to move out of JSP and HTML, then the best possible way is to setup a reverse proxy between your server and IIS.
This setup will secure the in an IIS and the IIS security context (or header) can be accessed by your server to authenticate or validate the user. However, I assume that this does need a login page, if the user accesses the page from a non-IE based browser.
A link on how to do this in Tomcat is here -
http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/windows-auth-howto.html#Microsoft_IIS
Footnote - I would just create a login page instead of going through all these things.