Java String wrong order concatenation of different languages

Question

So, as you can see from the image, that i have concatenated a,c and b. And i am getting the result i expected. But in 2nd println, when i concatenated a,e and b, i got e concatenated in the end, not where i was expecting it to be. I want to know, the reason of this behavior and solution to this behavior. Thank you in advance.

import java.util.*;
public class prob 
{
    public static void main(String... args)
    {
        String a="الف",b="1/2",c="ب",e="B";

        System.out.println(a+" : "+c+" : "+b);
        System.out.println(a+" : "+e+" : "+b);
    }
}

EDIT(To explain why my question is not a duplicate): My question is on converting L2R languages to R2L.

Answer 1

This is because the first character is R2L (right to left orientation as in asian languages), so next character becames at the begining (correct orientation):

First char:

الف 
// actual orientation ←

Second char added at L

// add ←
B : الف 
// actual orientation →

After this, B is L2R as usual in Europe, so next char (1/2) is added in the right orientation AFTER B:

// → add in this direction
B : 1/2 : الف 
// actual orientation → (still)

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You can easily test it by copy paste char and writting manually another, you will see how orientation changes depending of the char you inserted.

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UPDATE:

what is my solution for this issue, because i made this example only to show what issue i was facing in making some big reports, where data is mix sometimes, it is L2R String and sometimes R2L. And i want to make a string in strictly this format.(

From this answer:

• Left-to-right embedding (U+202A)
• Right-to-left embedding (U+202B)
• Pop directional formatting (U+202C)

So in java, to embed a RTL language like Arabic in an LTR language like English, you would do

myEnglishString + "\u202B" + myArabicString + "\u202C" + moreEnglish

and to do the reverse

myArabicString + "\u202A" + myEnglishString + "\u202C" + moreArabic

See (for the source material)

• Bidirectional General Formatting for more details,
• the Unicode specification chapter on "Directional Formatting Codes"

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ADD ON 2:

char l2R = '\u202A';
System.out.println(l2R + a + " : " + e +" : "+b);

OUTPUT:

‪الف : B : 1/2

Answer 2

The reason, as it's said already in this answer, is the fact that some string have a right-to-left orientation.

You can manually set the orientation to letf-to-right for the string with right-to-left orientation, with \u200e control character, like:

String a="\u200eالف",b="1/2",c="\u200eب",e="B";

System.out.println(a+" : "+c+" : "+b);
System.out.println(a+" : "+e+" : "+b);

Answer 3

I have tried all of the other answers but nothing worked for me. Instead of the concatenation of strings, I used the StringBuilder class.

StringBuilder append = new StringBuilder(" Leftover").append('\u202A').append("الضريبة").append('\u202C').append("Thermalization");