I am in the process of learning to write apps in swift for iOS. I want to generate an ipa file with xcode to test on a phone.
(1) Is it absolutely necessary to have a certificate and private key pair in order to generate the ipa? If not, how can I do it?
(2) If the answer to (1) is yes, is it necessary to join the Apple Developer program. If not, how can I get a certificate and private key pair without an Apple Developer account?