This is similar to the question What do I need to install for C++ project / VS 2013 on TeamCity server or Team Foundation Build Service? but specifically I'd like to do this without requiring VisualStudio to be installed on the server.
I notice there's a List of software on TFS hosted build servers which seems like it probably has the answer: but most of the links are dead (redirecting just to visualstudio.com) and I can't find downloads for the package names listed.
What do I need to install to build C++ projects, without resorting to installing VisualStudio?
Aside, I've previously gone through this with C#, and eventually figured out how to build C#/VB.NET projects without VisualStudio, but it is definitely a pain. Do the vast majority of people actually doing CI just install IDEs on their build servers?