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I know about foo = [] being shorthand for foo = list() and I was wondering if there was a list of shorthand notations for creating empty dictionaries, tuples, sets, etc. I'm specifically looking for Python 3.x but either one would be useful to have.

Nakaan
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    `[]` is not shorthand. It is 'literal notation', and faster. See [Why is \[\] faster than list()?](http://stackoverflow.com/q/30216000) – Martijn Pieters Feb 23 '16 at 16:38
  • But please go to the [Python tutorial](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/) for basic questions like these. It covers all the basics, including [literal notations for data structures](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/datastructures.html). – Martijn Pieters Feb 23 '16 at 16:39
  • Thanks for pointing me to that question, I'll have to give that a read. I also didn't know it was considered a literal (though I probably should have realized) I must be blind if I didn't see the literals in the docs. – Nakaan Feb 23 '16 at 16:41
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    Because the notation for containers is more complex than for strings, integers, etc, you find those defined as *displays*, in the [*Expressions* section](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/expressions.html#displays-for-lists-sets-and-dictionaries). – Martijn Pieters Feb 23 '16 at 16:43

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To create an empty dictionary, use {}.
To create an empty tuple, use ().
There is no shortcut for an empty set. As for the etc., I don't know what else you are thinking of.

zondo
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