Based on your comments saying that you don't actually need to use enumerate(), but don't know of a way to not use it, your question is misleading. My previous answer, which I deleted, used enumerate() and printed out the index of the keyword in an array of the words, which was incorrect.
In order to output the index of the keyword in your sentence string, as opposed to an array of the words, you could do the following, which I adapted using the link which I posted in a comment:
import re
sentence = raw_input("Please enter a sentence:\n")
keyword = raw_input("Enter a word you want to find in the string: ")
sentence = sentence.lower()
keyword = keyword.lower()
if keyword in sentence:
positions = [m.start() for m in re.finditer(keyword, sentence)]
for pos in positions:
print(pos)
else:
print ("The keyword you entered is not in the sentence you entered")
This outputs the following:
Please enter a sentence:
blah test test yada 123 test
Enter a word you want to find in the string: test
5
10
24