"inline helper" is an extremely generic phrase that pretty much means what it says. For the difference between "shim" and "polyfill", consult [this question](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6599815/what-is-the-difference-between-a-shim-and-a-polyfill)
– HammsJun 25 '16 at 00:09
The standard does not define any of those. That means that terms can be treated differently depending on a particular community, development practices or products.
– zerkmsJun 25 '16 at 00:18