Android unique device identifier to use with google's firebase token generator

Question

I am creating an application that uses goolg's firebase as its push notification service. I am just using the push notifications server and DON'T WANT TO use its other services (such as database, authentication and etc).

In my application, a user that signs up can have multiple devices and thus multiple firebase tokens. The problem occurs when onRefreshToken is called. I should know which device the user is using and update that specific device's token in my database. So I should know a unique identifier for each device that does not change in device's lifetime.

I was wondering if there are any better ways to tackle this problem and if not, I am so confused about an android unique ID. The two options are Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID which may have some issues (so I am not sure if I should use it) and TelephonyManger.getDeviceId() which return null sometimes and for devices that have no sim slots (such as tablets).

So what do you suggest me to do?

You can store the current Instance ID token in the app's shared preferences and then read it from there in `onTokenRefresh()`. — Frank van Puffelen, Jul 09 '16 at 14:40

Jeff Padgett · Answer 1 · 2018-06-23T05:09:09.860

This answer has 2 solutions:

1) Using ANDROID_ID as a Device Identifier.

2) Using cloud functions and FCM to determine a bad token, after 1st message sent to it.

1) Try Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID to get the Device ID.

String deviceAppUID = Settings.Secure.getString(getContentResolver(), Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID);
if (deviceAppUID!=null) {
    setFirebaseTokenInServer(deviceAppUID, FirebaseDeviceToken);}

Android is changing ANDROID_ID in 8.0 (API 26), so that it will apply only to the combination of specific app, user, and deviceId. When that happens, you aren't really getting a Device ID that is ALWAYS true for every app, but rather, you are getting a Device ID for your specific App, with its specific signing key, on your specific devise. You can uninstall the app, and reinstall the app, and the ANDROID_ID will be the same as it was before.

That makes it safer for the user, but would still allow you to persist the Firebase Device Tokens in case the registration token changes for these following reasons:

App deletes Instance ID
App is restored on a new device User
uninstalls/reinstall the app
User clears app data

Then in Firebase, you can save these as:

DeviceTokens:
    deviceID:  firebaseDeviceToken
    deviceID:  firebaseDeviceToken

2) Using Firebase Cloud Messaging and Firebase Google Cloud Functions to determine a bad token.

If you also use Cloud Functions to send the FCM to each listed deviceToken (as is necessary if multiple devices), you can check for a response after the first notification is sent. If there is an error, and the error returns a message stating the token is bad, you can handle the error and then delete it from the Server.

No device ID is necessary, much safer for user.
Sends 1 FCM to a bad token, but not again after that
If Firebase Team changes its errors or error messages, you will have to change the function or this will no longer work.

See this answer for more details: Handling refresh tokens for FCM device groups

score 3 · Answer 2 · answered Nov 14 '16 at 11:09

3

In class you are extending "FirebaseInstanceIdService" in method "onTokenRefresh" you can get it like :

FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getId()

answered Nov 14 '16 at 11:09

ergunkocak

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score 0 · Answer 3 · answered Apr 09 '18 at 12:48

You can get the device token by extending your custom class with FirebaseInstanceIdService Class

public class MyFirebaseInstanceIDService extends FirebaseInstanceIdService {

    private static final String TAG = "MyFirebaseInsIDService";

    @Override
    public void onTokenRefresh() {
        String refreshedToken = FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getToken();
        Log.d(TAG, "Device Token: " + refreshedToken);
    }
}

Add service in your AndroidManifest.xml file

<service
        android:name=".MyFirebaseInstanceIDService">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="com.google.firebase.INSTANCE_ID_EVENT"/>
    </intent-filter>
 </service>

Now, you can use the device token to send notifications on the user mobile.

I strongly recommend retrieving the latest updated registration token.

The registration token may change when:

The app deletes Instance ID
The app is restored on a new device
The user uninstalls/reinstall the app The user clears app data.

When you need to retrieve the current token, call FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getToken(). This method returns null if the token has not yet been generated.

Android unique device identifier to use with google's firebase token generator

3 Answers3