Make multiple contenteditables behave like one document

Question

I have a bunch of multiline contenteditable divs arranged vertically, and I want to allow for natural navigation between them by arrow keys (as if it was one document). For that, on keydown event I need to:

• Know current row of caret and number of rows to determine if we need to move up (first line and ↑ key pressed) or down (last line and ↓ key)
• Know current character (position in a shown string) to determine if we need to move up (position==0 and ← key pressed) or down (position==text.length and → pressed)
• The process should not stop between switching elements when the key is being held and not released (hence keydown event, not keyup)
• Preferrably: The event should stop propagating (for example, if I'm on the first column on last row and I press ↓ key, it should not jump to the last character on the line and then go down)
• Preferrably (would be really awesome): After we jump to the next element, we would not just .focus() the element, but emulate a click in the same vertical position as where we were before, so that it would feel natural, like in text editors.

All scripts/libraries I had found to date are either not doing all things I need or buggy. Please include demos in your suggestions, so that I can test without incorporating in my code first. Thanks!

Update: Visual explanation - note that there are more than 2 divs and 'arrow down key on the last line' is just one of the four triggers

Answer 1

I already wrote some code but it's not finished at all... Maybe you can start with that and try to complete what I've done if you want ;) I'll continue working on it this week in order to provide you with a solution... Here is what I've done so far :

var ajaxResult = [
  "Inter has ruinarum varietates a Nisibi quam tuebatur accitus Vrsicinus, cui nos obsecuturos iunxerat imperiale praeceptum, dispicere litis exitialis certamina cogebatur. Inter has ruinarum varietates a Nisibi quam tuebatur accitus Vrsicinus, cui nos obsecuturos iunxerat imperiale praeceptum, dispicere litis exitialis certamina cogebatur. Inter has ruinarum varietates  exitialis certamina cogebatur",
  "Inter has ruinarum varietates a Nisibi quam tuebatur accitus",
  "Inter has ruinarum varietates a Nisibi quam tuebatur accitus Vrsicinus, cui nos obsecuturos iunxerat imperiale praeceptum, dispicere litis exitialis certamina cogebatur. Inter has ruinarum varietates a Nisibi quamos iunxerat imperiale praeceptum, dispicere litis exitialis certamina cogebatur. Inter has ruinarum varietates  exitialis certamina cogebatur",
];
/*************************************************************
* 
* LIST OF CONTENT EDITABLE DIVS MANAGEMENT
*
**************************************************************/
// Create the editable divs
window.onload = function(){
  var contentEditables = createContentEditables();
  document.body.appendChild(contentEditables);
}

// Remember all the content editable elements in the order they appear in the dom
var _currentEdit,
 _edits = [];
 
function createContentEditables(){
  var div;
  var result = document.createDocumentFragment();
  for (var i = 0, n = ajaxResult.length ; i < n ; i++){
    div = createContentEditable(ajaxResult[i]);
    _edits.push(div);
    result.appendChild(div);
  }

  return result;
}

function getPreviousEdit(edit){
  // Search for the edit index
  var index = _edits.indexOf(edit);

  if(index == 0)
    return;

  // Return the previous one
  return _edits[index - 1];
}

function getNextEdit(edit){
  // Search for the edit index
  var index = _edits.indexOf(edit);

  if(index == _edits.length - 1)
    return;

  // Return the previous one
  return _edits[index + 1];
}

/*************************************************************
* 
* CONTENT EDITABLE MANAGEMENT
*
**************************************************************/
// We need to define the line height of the div to be able to retrieve the number of lines
var LINE_HEIGHT = 16;

// variables to keep trace of relevant information about the div
var _lines, _caretPosition;

/*
* Create a div with contenteditable set to true with the text
* received from the server
*/
function createContentEditable(text){
  var element =  document.createElement('div');
  element.className = 'contenteditable';
  element.innerHTML = text;
  element.style.lineHeight = LINE_HEIGHT + 'px';
  element.setAttribute('contenteditable', true);

  // Set listeners
  element.addEventListener('mouseup', onEdit_mouseup);
  element.addEventListener('keydown', onEdit_keydown);
  element.addEventListener('focus', onEdit_focus);

  return element;
}

function onEdit_keydown(domEvent){
  // Update caret position
  _caretPosition = getCaretPosition(domEvent.target);
  switch(domEvent.keyCode){
    case 37: // left arrow
      if (_caretPosition.index == 0){
        var previousEdit = getPreviousEdit(domEvent.target);
        if(previousEdit){
          console.log("go to end of previous edit");
          console.log(previousEdit);
          previousEdit.focus();
        }
      }
      break;
    case 38: // up arrow
      if (_caretPosition.line == 1){
        var previousEdit = getPreviousEdit(domEvent.target);
        if(previousEdit){
          console.log("go to previous edit keeping the caret offset");
          console.log(previousEdit);
          previousEdit.focus();
        }
      }
      break;
    case 39: // right arrow
      if (_caretPosition.index == domEvent.target.innerHTML.length){
        var nextEdit = getNextEdit(domEvent.target);
        if(nextEdit){
          console.log("go to beginning of next edit");
          console.log(nextEdit);
          nextEdit.focus();
        }
      }
      break;
    case 40: // down arrow
      if (_caretPosition.line == getLines(domEvent.target)){
        var nextEdit = getNextEdit(domEvent.target);
        if(nextEdit){
          console.log("go to next edit keeping the caret offset");
          console.log(nextEdit);
          nextEdit.focus();
        }
      }
      break;
  }
}

function onEdit_mouseup(domEvent){
  // Update caret position
  _caretPosition = getCaretPosition(domEvent.target);
}

function onEdit_focus(domEvent){
  // Add listeners
  _currentEdit = domEvent.target;
  _currentEdit.addEventListener('blur', onEdit_blur);
  window.addEventListener('resize', onWindow_resize);
}

function onEdit_blur(domEvent){
  // Remove listeners
  domEvent.target.removeEventListener('blur', onEdit_blur);
  window.removeEventListener('resize', onWindow_resize);
}

function onWindow_resize(domEvent){
  // Update caret position
  _caretPosition = getCaretPosition(_currentEdit);
}

/*************************************************************
* 
* HELPERS
*
**************************************************************/
//http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4811822/get-a-ranges-start-and-end-offsets-relative-to-its-parent-container/4812022#4812022
//http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5528004/how-to-get-number-of-rows-in-contenteditable-area-and-current-caret-line-positio
function getCaretPosition(element){
  var caretPosition = {index: 0, line: 0};
  var doc = element.ownerDocument || element.document;
  var win = doc.defaultView || doc.parentWindow;
  var elemOffsetTop = element.offsetTop;
  var sel;
  // Get the x position of the caret
  if (typeof win.getSelection != "undefined") {
    sel = win.getSelection();
    if (sel.rangeCount > 0) {
      var range = win.getSelection().getRangeAt(0);
      // Retrieve the current line
      var rects = range.getClientRects();
      var caretOffsetTop;
      if (typeof rects[1] != "undefined"){
        caretOffsetTop = rects[1].top;
      }
      else if (typeof rects[0] != "undefined"){
        caretOffsetTop = rects[0].top;
      }
      else{
        // Create dummy element to get y position of the caret
        var dummy = document.createElement('CANVAS');
        dummy.id = 'findCaretHelper';
        range.insertNode(dummy);
        caretOffsetTop = dummy.offsetTop;
        element.removeChild(dummy);
      }

      var preCaretRange = range.cloneRange();
      preCaretRange.selectNodeContents(element);
      preCaretRange.setEnd(range.endContainer, range.endOffset);

      // Remember caret position
      caretPosition.index = preCaretRange.toString().length;
      caretPosition.line = Math.ceil((caretOffsetTop - elemOffsetTop)/LINE_HEIGHT) + 1;
    }
  } 
  // support ie
  //else if ( (sel = doc.selection) && sel.type != "Control") {
  //var textRange = sel.createRange();
  //var preCaretTextRange = doc.body.createTextRange();
  //preCaretTextRange.moveToElementText(element);
  //preCaretTextRange.setEndPoint("EndToEnd", textRange);
  //caretPosition.x = preCaretTextRange.text.length;
  //}

  return caretPosition;
}

function getLines(element){ 
  return element.clientHeight/LINE_HEIGHT;;
}

.contenteditable{
  border: solid 1px #aaa;
  margin: 10px 0;
}

I managed getting information about the current line, the current character index in the content editable div and some other stuff... I still have to work on focusing an other content editable div in order to put the caret at the right place... I hope this beginning of a solution will help you!

Answer 2

You could simply make the parent element / containing element contenteditable as opposed to each paragraph. This will automatically add / remove p tags accordingly.

https://jsfiddle.net/ewesmwmv/2/