Nothing is being added to your listview because GetDirectories returns, as its name implies, directories. So you're getting your list of directories and then using Path.GetFilename on each of them, but the directories do not have a filename at the end of them so only empty strings are being added to your listview.
Edit for Comment: Then it sounds like you need to run basically two nested directory searches; the first one for folders like "Microsoft" and the second for "Versions" within Microsoft folders, then loop through and get the files:
Dim TopLevelDirectories As String() = IO.Directory.GetDirectories("D:\", "*" & MyCombo.Text & "*", System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories)
For Each tlDir As String In TopLevelDirectories
Dim SubLevelDirectories As String() = IO.Directory.GetDirectories(tlDir, "*Versions*", System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories)
For Each slDir As String In SubLevelDirectories
Dim dInfo As DirectoryInfo = New DirectoryInfo(slDir)
Dim fInfo() As FileInfo = dInfo.GetFiles
For Each f As FileInfo In fInfo
ListView1.Items.Add(f.FullName) 'or ListView1.Items.Add(f.Name)
Next
Next
Next
If I understand your goal correctly, the code above should find all the files you're looking for. I made some test folders and threw Microsoft/Versions in at different levels of the directories and this code picked them all up