It depends on what you want your app to look like
Master-Detail Application looks like this:
Landscape view: Left side is MasterviewController, right side is detailViewController.
Portrait View: you would only see the master, and upon clicking it would open an only detailViewController with a back button to the master.

Tab Bar looks like this:
You have different tabs at the bottom.

Page-Based Application looks like this:
AFAIK It's usually used for first demo pages. Or sometimes for books. I have never used it myself.

Game is for games.
Single View Application is a vanilla application. Has nothing but a single viewcontroller. For learning purposes best to start here.
Side note. None of these templates mean you are tied to them. You can always adjust them accordingly, but it's just that templates make your intent more clear and reduce the early build up.