Qt Creator is just the IDE. What you need is a Qt version build to crosscompile for the pi3 target architecture. Then you can make a kit with it and compile projects that will run on the pi3. The kit you are currently using is compiled for a different hardware architecture, it couldn't possibly work.
You could also build Qt on the pi3 itself, which will most likely be a lot slower though, and you will have to compile your projects on it as well. I would not recommend that if you have a desktop machine.
Also, the pi3 actually has a 64bit CPU and it is possible to put 64bit linux on it, but I personally don't have the pi3 so I haven't tested it and also I don't seem to find any info on anyone succeeding with a 64bit Qt build, so you may want to do a 32bit build just to be on the safe side.