In my Django website, I'm creating a class that interact dynamically with other applications installed in the website. I have to do a manipulation on each field of each application.
So I want to save the name of all installed applications in a list and get the attributes of each one. There is a way to do that using an iterator or something else ?
Under Django 1.7 and above (thanks Colin Anderson):
from django.apps import apps
apps.get_models()
Under Django 1.6 and below.
If you want all models, try:
from django.db.models import get_models
for model in get_models():
# Do something with your model here
print model.__name__, [x.name for x in model._meta.fields]
I believe the older function still works.
[edit]
Since Django 1.7, accessing
settings.INSTALLED_APPSis discouraged: "Your code should never access INSTALLED_APPS directly. Use django.apps.apps instead." – johanno
So the blessed way is:
from django.apps import apps
for app in apps.get_app_configs():
print(app.verbose_name, ":")
for model in app.get_models():
print("\t", model)
Older version of this answer:
All applications are registered in the settings.py file.
In [1]: from django.conf import settings
In [2]: print(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
['django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.sites',
'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django.contrib.admin', 'raven.contrib.django']
You can import each application and list their attributes:
In [3]: from pprint import pprint
In [4]: for app_name in settings.INSTALLED_APPS:
try:
module_ = __import__(app_name)
except ImportError:
pass
map(print, ['=' * 80, "MODULE: "+app_name, '-' * 80])
pprint(module_.__dict__)
In order to use the new print function instead of the print statement in older Python you may have to issue a from __future__ import print_function (or just change the line containing the print call).
You can retrieve installed apps like that (in interpreter) :
>>> from django.conf import settings
>>> [app for app in settings.INSTALLED_APPS
if not app.startswith("django.")]
['myapp1', 'myapp2', 'myapp3']
The list of installed applications is defined in settings.INSTALLED_APPS. It contains a tuple of strings, so you can iterate on it to access each application's name.
However, I'm not sure what you mean by each application's attributes and fields.
To get the actual apps themselves (not just names), this is what I came up with:
from django.conf import settings
from django.utils.module_loading import import_module
apps = [import_module(appname) for appname in settings.INSTALLED_APPS]
Though you may want to do some error handling, or filtering.
Tested with Django 1.9:
from django.test.runner import DiscoverRunner
from django.test import override_settings
from django.apps import apps
class DiscoverRunnerNoMigrations(DiscoverRunner):
def run_tests(self, *args, **kwargs):
app_labels = [a.label for a in apps.app_configs.values()]
migration_modules = dict.fromkeys(app_labels)
with override_settings(MIGRATION_MODULES=migration_modules):
return super(DiscoverRunnerNoMigrations, self).run_tests(*args,
**kwargs)
Update your settings to point to this test runner.
Running this with --keepdb is real fast.
Works on Django 1.11+ (I'm working on Django 2.2)
from django.conf import settings
from django.apps import apps
# get complete list of all apps
list_of_apps = [apps.get_app_config(app_name.split('.')[-1]) \
for app_name in settings.INSTALLED_APPS]
# app_name.split('.')[-1] we need, because some system apps has dots in name
# like 'django.contrib.admin', and app_label is 'admin'
# get list of models for one specific app. For example first app in list_of_apps
models_list = [model for name, model in list_of_apps[0].models.items() \
if not model._meta.auto_created]
# we outfiltered auto_created models, because they are not in models.py
# and had been created automatically by Django
