For some reason my code base suddenly started getting THOUSANDS of these warnings. But so far all the files & paths in question are exactly correct, matching what I see on disk with Finder. Are they secretly some other case under the covers? Why the heck would Xcode generate these warnings when the problem doesn't actually exist?
Although http://stackoverflow.com/questions/43067017/non-portable-path-to-file-file-h-specified-path-differs-in-case-from-file-na is about the same warning, in this case I've verified that the import paths match the filenames on disk.