Python: import each other

Question

I know there are some question about this problem : Python files - import from each other

But this solution doesn't work for me.

This is directory structure:

├── tester.py
└── utility
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── analysis.py
    └── util.py

__init__.py

from .analysis import *
from .util import *

analysis.py

import util


def funcA():
    print("a")

util.py

import analysis

def funcB():
    print("b")

But this occur,

ImportError: No module named 'util'

I want to main __init__.py the way I defined.

Is there any way I can fix this problem?

Refer to [this link for clear explanation](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11698530/two-python-modules-require-each-others-contents-can-that-work) — gowtham, May 25 '17 at 11:30
Your example should provide some indication of *why* each module needs to import the other. — chepner, May 25 '17 at 12:15
You can also move import statements to the end of file. [Two Python modules require each other's contents - can that work?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11698530/two-python-modules-require-each-others-contents-can-that-work) — Hadi, Nov 11 '18 at 06:19

score 3 · Answer 1 · edited Nov 29 '22 at 00:56

It's a classic case of circular imports. analysis is importing from util and util is importing from analysis. Although you can resolve the problem, by importing inside a function/method such that it happens at runtime, I'd suggest improving the design of the code.

More often than not circular import error is a sign that there's a problem in your code design. In your case, either the code in analysis file and util file belongs together in a single file, or you need to store the common content of both the files in a separate common file and import from common in both the files, instead of importing from each other.

Python: import each other

1 Answers1