Those are definitions. So I would say they are already simplified. What you may want to do is translate them into natural language. In our case, plain English. Here it goes:
- We say that a function (or algorithm) is order f(n) if, from a
certain point (say n = 100), this function is never greater than
f(n).
But there is a mistake in it. It should be g(n) ≤ c.f(n).
- I haven't seen it like that. Sorry.
- This notation implies that you are looking for a function (or
algorithm) that is no greater than f(n) and also no smaller than
g(n) from a certain n (say n = 200).
Those are useful when analyzing algorithm complexity. For the first, you want an upper bound for, usually, memory or time the algorithm consumes. For the second, a lower bound. And, for the third, both upper and lower bound.
Have you seen https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_algorithms?
Cheers!