Firebase message is received on device but not displayed via notification

Question

I'm trying to integrate Firebase Cloud Messaging (I use this code, which is mirrored here) with my existing app.

Relevant codes:

service.php

$msg_id = $_POST['id'];
$title = $_POST['title'];
$content = $_POST['content'];
$msg_date = $_POST['date'];
$author = $_POST['author'];

// insert the message into DB               
$sql = "INSERT INTO tbl_message(msg_id, title, content, msg_date, author) VALUES ('$msg_id','$title','$content','$msg_date','$author')";

if ($result = mysqli_query($db, $sql)){

    $firebase = new Firebase();
    $push = new Push();

    $payload = array();
    $payload['foo'] = '123';
    $payload['bar'] = 'xyz';

    $push->setTitle($title);
    $push->setMessage($content);
    $push->setAuthor($author);
    $push->setDate($msg_date);
    $push->setImage('');
    $push->setPayload($payload);
    $push->setIsBackground(FALSE);
    $resp = '';
    $response = '';
    $resp = $push->getPush();
    $response = $firebase->sendToTopic('global', $resp);

    echo $response;
}

Firebase.php

<?php


class Firebase {

    // sending push message to single user by firebase reg id
    public function send($to, $message) {
        $fields = array(
            'to' => $to,
            //'data' => $message,
            'data' => array("message" => $message));

        return $this->sendPushNotification($fields);
    }

    // Sending message to a topic by topic name
    public function sendToTopic($to, $message) {
        $fields = array(
            'to' => '/topics/' . $to,
            //'data' => $message,
            'data' => array("message" => $message)
        );
        return $this->sendPushNotification($fields);
    }

    // sending push message to multiple users by firebase registration ids
    public function sendMultiple($registration_ids, $message) {
        $fields = array(
            'to' => $registration_ids,
            //'data' => $message,
            'data' => array("message" => $message)
        );

        return $this->sendPushNotification($fields);
    }

    // function makes curl request to firebase servers
    private function sendPushNotification($fields) {

        require_once 'config.php';

        // Set POST variables
        $url = 'https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send';

        $headers = array(
            'Authorization: key=' . FIREBASE_API_KEY,
            'Content-Type: application/json'
        );
        // Open connection
        $ch = curl_init();

        // Set the url, number of POST vars, POST data
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);

        // Disabling SSL Certificate support temporarly
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($fields));

        // Execute post
        $result = curl_exec($ch);
        if ($result === FALSE) {
            die('Curl failed: ' . curl_error($ch));
        }

        // Close connection
        curl_close($ch);

        return $result;
    }
}

?>

MainActivity.java

package studio.emcorp.monitoringsiswa;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;
import android.support.design.widget.NavigationView;
import android.support.design.widget.Snackbar;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessaging;


public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
        implements NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener {

    private static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
    private BroadcastReceiver mRegistrationBroadcastReceiver;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
;

        mRegistrationBroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

                // checking for type intent filter
                if (intent.getAction().equals(NotificationConfig.REGISTRATION_COMPLETE)) {
                    // gcm successfully registered
                    // now subscribe to `global` topic to receive app wide notifications
                    FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().subscribeToTopic(NotificationConfig.TOPIC_GLOBAL);

                    displayFirebaseRegId();

                } else if (intent.getAction().equals(NotificationConfig.PUSH_NOTIFICATION)) {
                    // new push notification is received

                    String message = intent.getStringExtra("message");

                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), message, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                    //txtMessage.setText(message);
                }
            }
        };



    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();

        // register GCM registration complete receiver
        LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).registerReceiver(mRegistrationBroadcastReceiver,
                new IntentFilter(NotificationConfig.REGISTRATION_COMPLETE));

        // register new push message receiver
        // by doing this, the activity will be notified each time a new message arrives
        LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).registerReceiver(mRegistrationBroadcastReceiver,
                new IntentFilter(NotificationConfig.PUSH_NOTIFICATION));

        // clear the notification area when the app is opened
        NotificationUtil.clearNotifications(getApplicationContext());
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).unregisterReceiver(mRegistrationBroadcastReceiver);
        super.onPause();
    }
}

Sending messages directly from Firebase Console works fine. Now the problem is sending messages via PHP script. Somewhow the server manages to send the message successfuly, e.g:

{"message_id":4732936739964848111}

, and the device receive it:

06-19 09:26:21.590 18604-19560/net.anta40.app.firebasetest E/MyFirebaseMessagingService: From: /topics/global 06-19 09:26:21.590 18604-19560/net.anta40.app.firebasetest E/MyFirebaseMessagingService: Data Payload: {message={"data":{"image":"","is_background":false,"payload":{"bar":"xyz","foo":"123"},"title":"test","message":"mehehehe","timestamp":"2017-06-19 2:26:21"}}} 06-19 09:26:21.600 18604-19560/net.anta40.app.firebasetest E/MyFirebaseMessagingService: push json: {"message":{"data":{"timestamp":"2017-06-19 2:26:21","message":"mehehehe","payload":{"bar":"xyz","foo":"123"},"image":"","title":"test","is_background":false}}} 06-19 09:26:21.600 18604-19560/net.anta40.app.firebasetest E/MyFirebaseMessagingService: Json Exception: No value for data 06-19 09:26:21.720 1098-1098/? D/wpa_supplicant: RX ctrl_iface - hexdump(len=11): 53 49 47 4e 41 4c 5f 50 4f 4c 4c 06-19 09:26:21.720 1098-1098/? D/wpa_supplicant: wlan0: Control interface command 'SIGNAL_POLL'

but not displayed via notifications. What goes wrong here?

Your PHP is vulnerable to SQL injection, you need to fix this. — Enstage, Jun 19 '17 at 02:51

AL. · Answer 1 · 2017-06-20T09:13:36.937

1

You are sending a data-only payload in your PHP:

public function send($to, $message) {
    $fields = array(
        'to' => $to,
        //'data' => $message,
        'data' => array("message" => $message));

    return $this->sendPushNotification($fields);
}

_{Your other methods are also sending the same.}

If you're going to use a notification-only payload, you could simply structure it like so:

public function send($to, $message) {
    $fields = array(
        'to' => $to,
        'notification' => array("title" => $title,
            "body" => $body));

    return $this->sendPushNotification($fields);
}

The difference from sending a message from the Firebase Console is that messages from the console are considered as notification messages.

In Android, each message type is handled differently (see Handling Messages).

Some useful posts:

edited Jun 20 '17 at 09:13

answered Jun 19 '17 at 03:03

AL.

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Hmm I see. Just did some Google search and found this: https://firebase.google.com/docs/cloud-messaging/android/receive#handling_messages. So, it seems that I have to use "Notification message". Correct? – anta40 Jun 19 '17 at 09:10
Same link for Handling Messages I linked. If you want the same behavior when sending a message from the console, then yes. :) – AL. Jun 19 '17 at 09:13
Hi AL, pardon me. I'm still confused. It seems the problem is I'm sending a data-only payload (which will be handled by my app). What I actually want is sending notification messages, which will be displayed in Android system tray. How should I code the message? Then how to send it? Previously I've followed the steps in Handling Messages, including registering MyFirebaseMessagingService in Android manifest. – anta40 Jun 20 '17 at 08:37
Hi anta40. Sure. Unlike the `data` message where you could specify custom key-value pairs, the `notification` message only has [specific parameters that you could use](https://firebase.google.com/docs/cloud-messaging/http-server-ref#notification-payload-support). I'll edit my answer to show a sample. – AL. Jun 20 '17 at 09:11
Hi AL, Tried you suggestion. I got this: {"multicast_id":7175672324389225124,"success":0,"failure":1,"canonical_ids":0,"results":[{"error":"InvalidRegistration"}]} Hmmm.... – anta40 Jun 20 '17 at 09:53
`InvalidRegistration` indicates that the token you're targeting is invalid, make sure that it isn't modified in anyway. – AL. Jun 20 '17 at 11:11
Hmm which token? Is that the device's Firebase registration ID? No, it's not changed/invoked anywhere in the code. Or maybe the topic? In the MainActivity, I already have FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().subscribeToTopic("news") And on the PHP side, I have $response = $firebase->send('news', $title, $content); – anta40 Jun 21 '17 at 07:35
Hi anta40. Sorry I'm a bit confused. Are you receiving the `InvalidRegistrationError` when sending to a topic (`news`)? – AL. Jun 21 '17 at 08:31
Hi AL. Yes indeed. I already checked the Firebase registration ID and server key. Both were correct. – anta40 Jun 22 '17 at 08:21
Odd. The change that I suggested was only with the message type. Could you print out the JSON payload that is used to sending the message? – AL. Jun 22 '17 at 08:28
The JSON payload is still the same. You can see it in my first post: $payload = array(); $payload['foo'] = '123'; $payload['bar'] = 'xyz'; $push->setPaylod($payload); – anta40 Jun 22 '17 at 10:28
Yes I see. But I'm thinking maybe the value `to` parameter is being modified somehow, causing the `InvalidRegistration` error. – AL. Jun 22 '17 at 12:03
Hmmm... I checked the $fields variable, which is used in sendPushNotification function. Pretty-printed it, and turns out the value of 'to' is 'news'. Any else you want to know? – anta40 Jun 22 '17 at 15:42
You mean just `news`? Without the `/topics/`? – AL. Jun 23 '17 at 00:37
Yes. just `news`, and not `/topic/news` – anta40 Jul 02 '17 at 14:57
I see. When sending to *topics*, you should always include a prefix of `/topics/`. If you add that in, the `InvalidRegistration` error should disappear. – AL. Jul 03 '17 at 03:07
Well, I got this: `{"multicast_id":8331713500529146798,"success":0,"failure":1,"canonical_ids":0,"results":[{"error":"InvalidRegistration"}]}` when calling `$firebase->sendNews('/topic/news', $title, $content);`. Here's my latest [firebase.php](https://gist.github.com/anta40/659eedbdd672c4ef745ce83d565fe4ea) – anta40 Jul 04 '17 at 08:20
It should be `/topics/` with an `s`. Same way in your code when you call `sendToTopic`. – AL. Jul 04 '17 at 08:31
I did the change like you suggested. The PHP code gave this output: `{"message_id":4925507014726462759} `. If that's correct, strangely while debugging the Android app I didn't see any Firebase-related entries. Hmmm. Let me check my Android code.... – anta40 Jul 07 '17 at 08:48
I started a new poject, just for testing Firebase. Sending **data** message works fine. What I actually want is **notification** message. It's implemented as `sendNotification()` in [service.php](https://github.com/anta40/anta40firebasedemo/blob/master/backend/firebase.php) Well, I still got the same InvalidRegistration. Anyway, the repo linked above contains both full code of Android app and the PHP backend. – anta40 Jul 13 '17 at 04:00

Firebase message is received on device but not displayed via notification

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