- Transform the web page you are trying to scrap into an XHTML document. There are several options to do this with Java, such as JTidy and HTMLCleaner. These tools will also automatically fix malformed HTML (e.g., close unclosed tags). Both work very well, but I prefer JTidy because it integrates better with Java's DOM API;
- Extract required information using XPath expressions.
Here is a working example using JTidy and the Web Page you provided, used to extract all file names from the table.
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Create a new JTidy instance and set options
Tidy tidy = new Tidy();
tidy.setXHTML(true);
// Parse an HTML page into a DOM document
URL url = new URL("http://www.cs.grinnell.edu/~walker/fluency-book/labs/sample-table.html");
Document doc = tidy.parseDOM(url.openStream(), System.out);
// Use XPath to obtain whatever you want from the (X)HTML
XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
XPathExpression expr = xpath.compile("//td[@valign = 'top']/a/text()");
NodeList nodes = (NodeList)expr.evaluate(doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
List<String> filenames = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
filenames.add(nodes.item(i).getNodeValue());
}
System.out.println(filenames);
}
The result will be [Integer Processing:, Image Processing:, A Photo Album:, Run-time Experiments:, More Run-time Experiments:]
as expected.
Another cool tool that you can use is Web Harvest
. It basically does everything I did above but using an XML file to configure the extraction pipeline.