How can I setup SwashBuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger to use Authorization?

Question

I have documented my api using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger and I want to test some resources that have Authorize attribute on them using swagger ui.

api

 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
    using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
    using System.Linq;

    namespace Api.Controllers
    {
        [Route("[controller]")]
        [Authorize]
        public class IdentityController : ControllerBase
        {
            [HttpGet]
            public IActionResult Get()
            {
                return new JsonResult(from c in User.Claims select new { c.Type, c.Value });
            }
        }
    }

Response code is Unauthorized 401, so how can I authorize this using swagger?

I have an Authorization server setup using IdentityServer4.

authorization server - startup.cs

services.AddIdentityServer()
        .AddTemporarySigningCredential()
        .AddInMemoryPersistedGrants()
        .AddInMemoryIdentityResources(Config.GetIdentityResources())
        .AddInMemoryApiResources(Config.GetApiResources())
        .AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients())
        .AddAspNetIdentity<ApplicationUser>();

authorization server - config.cs

    public class Config
{
    // scopes define the resources in your system
    public static IEnumerable<IdentityResource> GetIdentityResources()
    {
        return new List<IdentityResource>
        {
            new IdentityResources.OpenId(),
            new IdentityResources.Profile(),
        };
    }

    public static IEnumerable<ApiResource> GetApiResources()
    {
        return new List<ApiResource>
        {
            new ApiResource("api1", "My API")
        };
    }
   ...
   ...
}

api - startup.cs

// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory,
        ECommerceDbContext context)
    {
        loggerFactory.AddConsole(Configuration.GetSection("Logging"));
        loggerFactory.AddDebug();

        app.UseIdentityServerAuthentication(new IdentityServerAuthenticationOptions
        {
            Authority = "http://localhost:5000/",
            RequireHttpsMetadata = false,
            AutomaticAuthenticate = true,
            ApiName = "api1"
        });


        // Enable middleware to serve generated Swagger as a JSON endpoint.
        app.UseSwagger();

        // Enable middleware to serve swagger-ui (HTML, JS, CSS etc.), specifying the Swagger JSON endpoint.
        app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>
        {
            c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "My API V1");
        });

        DbInitialiser.Init(context);

        app.UseMvc();
    }

I want an authorize button which redirects to a login screen and then grants access to api resources which the user has permissions for. Is it possible to use asp.net core 1.1 Swagger middleware to do this? Or do I need to write some javascript that gets a token from IdentityServer4 authorization server? Please help as I am new to authentication and authorization

Possible duplicate of [Setting up Swagger (ASP.NET Core) using the Authorization headers (Bearer)](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43447688/setting-up-swagger-asp-net-core-using-the-authorization-headers-bearer) — Michael Freidgeim, Apr 01 '19 at 22:03

score 11 · Accepted Answer · edited Jun 20 '20 at 09:12

I solved this by adding a new client to the IdentityServer4 Authorization Server project.

config.cs

 // clients want to access resources (aka scopes)
        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            // client credentials client
            return new List<Client>
            {
                new Client
                {
                    ClientId="swaggerui",
                    ClientName = "Swagger UI",
                    AllowedGrantTypes=GrantTypes.Implicit,
                    AllowAccessTokensViaBrowser=true,
                    RedirectUris = { "http://localhost:49831/swagger/o2c.html" },
                    PostLogoutRedirectUris={ "http://localhost:49831/swagger/" },
                    AllowedScopes = {"api1"}
                },
    ...
    ...
    ...
   }
}

I created a swagger OperationFilter in tha API so that a red exclamation mark icon appears next to the method that requires authorization

internal class AuthorizeCheckOperationFilter : IOperationFilter
    {
        public void Apply(Operation operation, OperationFilterContext context)
        {
            // Check for authorize attribute
            var hasAuthorize = context.ApiDescription.ControllerAttributes().OfType<AuthorizeAttribute>().Any() ||
                               context.ApiDescription.ActionAttributes().OfType<AuthorizeAttribute>().Any();

            if (hasAuthorize)
            {
                operation.Responses.Add("401", new Response { Description = "Unauthorized" });
                operation.Responses.Add("403", new Response { Description = "Forbidden" });

                operation.Security = new List<IDictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>>>();
                operation.Security.Add(new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>>
            {
                { "oauth2", new [] { "api1" } }
            });
            }
        }
    }

To finish I configured authorization in swagger by adding an oauth2 security definition and operationfilter

startup.cs

 services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
            {
                c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info
                {
                    Version = "v1",
                    Title = "ECommerce API",
                    Description = "",
                    TermsOfService = "None",
                    Contact = new Contact { Name = "", Email = "", Url = "" },
                    License = new License { Name = "", Url = "" }
                });

                //Set the comments path for the swagger json and ui.
                var basePath = PlatformServices.Default.Application.ApplicationBasePath;
                var xmlPath = Path.Combine(basePath, "WebApi.xml");
                c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);

                c.OperationFilter<AuthorizeCheckOperationFilter>();

                c.AddSecurityDefinition("oauth2", new OAuth2Scheme
                {
                    Type = "oauth2",
                    Flow = "implicit",
                    AuthorizationUrl = "http://localhost:5000/connect/authorize",
                    TokenUrl = "http://localhost:5000/connect/token",
                    Scopes = new Dictionary<string, string>()
                    {
                        { "api1", "My API" }
                    }
                });
            });

This is now depreciated and I can't figure out how to fix it. Ideas? var hasAuthorize = context.ApiDescription.ControllerAttributes().OfType().Any() || context.ApiDescription.ActionAttributes().OfType().Any() — James Hancock, Jun 15 '18 at 23:06

score 9 · Answer 2 · answered Oct 25 '18 at 11:09

As mentioned by James in the comment to the accepted answer, the way to check the Authorize attribute is slightly different now, the AuthorizeCheckOperationFilterin the answer needs slightly tweaking, this may not 100% be the best way to do this, however I've not had any problems with the code below.

internal class AuthorizeCheckOperationFilter : IOperationFilter
{
    public void Apply(Operation operation, OperationFilterContext context)
    {
        context.ApiDescription.TryGetMethodInfo(out var methodInfo);

        if (methodInfo == null)
             return;

        var hasAuthorizeAttribute = false;

        if (methodInfo.MemberType == MemberTypes.Method)
        {
            // NOTE: Check the controller itself has Authorize attribute
            hasAuthorizeAttribute = methodInfo.DeclaringType.GetCustomAttributes(true).OfType<AuthorizeAttribute>().Any();

            // NOTE: Controller has Authorize attribute, so check the endpoint itself.
            //       Take into account the allow anonymous attribute
            if (hasAuthorizeAttribute)
                hasAuthorizeAttribute = !methodInfo.GetCustomAttributes(true).OfType<AllowAnonymousAttribute>().Any();
            else
                hasAuthorizeAttribute = methodInfo.GetCustomAttributes(true).OfType<AuthorizeAttribute>().Any();
        }

        if (!hasAuthorizeAttribute)
            return;

        operation.Responses.Add(StatusCodes.Status401Unauthorized.ToString(), new Response { Description = "Unauthorized" });
        operation.Responses.Add(StatusCodes.Status403Forbidden.ToString(), new Response { Description = "Forbidden" });

        // NOTE: This adds the "Padlock" icon to the endpoint in swagger, 
        //       we can also pass through the names of the policies in the string[]
        //       which will indicate which permission you require.
        operation.Security = new List<IDictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>>>();
        operation.Security.Add(new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>>
        {
            { "Bearer", new string[] { } }
        });
    }
}

This answer works well using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore (4.0.1), thanks for taking the time to keep it current. — Sid James, Feb 27 '19 at 14:54
Note that the filter doesn't work with old versions of Swashbuckle.AspNetCore, as they do not have TryGetMethodInfo extension. — Michael Freidgeim, Apr 01 '19 at 06:15

score 5 · Answer 3 · answered May 19 '20 at 19:31

For .Net Core and Swashbuckle.AspNetCore 5.4.1, the following is a working update of @Dan's response:

Create an IOperationalFilter class:

internal class AuthorizeCheckOperationFilter : IOperationFilter
{
    public void Apply(OpenApiOperation operation, OperationFilterContext context)
    {
        context.ApiDescription.TryGetMethodInfo(out var methodInfo);

        if (methodInfo == null)
            return;

        var hasAuthorizeAttribute = false;

        if (methodInfo.MemberType == MemberTypes.Method)
        {
            // NOTE: Check the controller itself has Authorize attribute
            hasAuthorizeAttribute = methodInfo.DeclaringType.GetCustomAttributes(true).OfType<AuthorizeAttribute>().Any();

            // NOTE: Controller has Authorize attribute, so check the endpoint itself.
            //       Take into account the allow anonymous attribute
            if (hasAuthorizeAttribute)
                hasAuthorizeAttribute = !methodInfo.GetCustomAttributes(true).OfType<AllowAnonymousAttribute>().Any();
            else
                hasAuthorizeAttribute = methodInfo.GetCustomAttributes(true).OfType<AuthorizeAttribute>().Any();
        }

        if (!hasAuthorizeAttribute)
            return;

        if (!operation.Responses.Any(r => r.Key == StatusCodes.Status401Unauthorized.ToString()))
            operation.Responses.Add(StatusCodes.Status401Unauthorized.ToString(), new OpenApiResponse { Description = "Unauthorized" });
        if (!operation.Responses.Any(r => r.Key == StatusCodes.Status403Forbidden.ToString()))
            operation.Responses.Add(StatusCodes.Status403Forbidden.ToString(), new OpenApiResponse { Description = "Forbidden" });

        // NOTE: This adds the "Padlock" icon to the endpoint in swagger, 
        //       we can also pass through the names of the policies in the string[]
        //       which will indicate which permission you require.
        operation.Security = new List<OpenApiSecurityRequirement>
        {
            new OpenApiSecurityRequirement
            {
                {
                    new OpenApiSecurityScheme
                    {
                        Reference = new OpenApiReference
                        {
                            Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme,
                            Id = "Bearer"
                        },
                        Scheme = "oauth2",
                        Name = "Bearer",
                        In = ParameterLocation.Header
                    },
                    new List<string>()
                }
            }
        };
    }
}

Wire up the filter and security definition in Startup:

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    ...
    services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
    {
        c.OperationFilter<AuthorizeCheckOperationFilter>();
        c.EnableAnnotations();
        c.AddSecurityDefinition("Bearer", new OpenApiSecurityScheme
        {
            Scheme = "Bearer",
            In = ParameterLocation.Header,
            Name = "Authorization",
            Type = SecuritySchemeType.ApiKey,
            Description = @"JWT Authorization header using the Bearer scheme. \r\n\r\n 
              Enter 'Bearer' [space] and then your token in the text input below.
              \r\n\r\nExample: 'Bearer 12345abcdef'"
        });
    });
    ...
}