CRX is essentially a ZIP file (with some extra cryptographic integrity signature).
Once installed, it will be almost no different from the unpacked extension /app that was used to produce it - it will reside in the Chrome profile folder. The code will be in the open and fully accessible from the same debugging/development tools as you used to develop it.
There is abosolutely nothing to stop someone from copying/modifying the extension/app for their needs.
You can minify/obfuscate code, but that's frowned upon by both CWS and Mozilla add-ons, meaning you may fail automated/manual reviews as a result.