Combining PHP-fpm with nginx in one dockerfile

Question

I have a need to combine the php-fpm with nginx in one dockerfile for production deployment.

So is it better to :

(1) Start the dockerfile using php:7.1.8-fpm and then install nginx image layer on top of it ?

(2) Or do you recommend using nginx image and then installing php-fpm using apt-get ?

PS: I do not have a docker-compose build option for production deployment. On my development environment, I already use docker-compose and build multi-container app easily from two images. Our organization devops do not support docker-compose based deployment for prod environment.

Answer 1

Nginx installation is much easier than PHP so it should be easier for you to install Nginx into a ready-to-use official PHP image. Here is an example of a Dockerfile showing how your goal can be reached with an example of installing a few PHP extensions:

FROM php:7.2-fpm

RUN apt-get update -y \
    && apt-get install -y nginx

# PHP_CPPFLAGS are used by the docker-php-ext-* scripts
ENV PHP_CPPFLAGS="$PHP_CPPFLAGS -std=c++11"

RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql \
    && docker-php-ext-install opcache \
    && apt-get install libicu-dev -y \
    && docker-php-ext-configure intl \
    && docker-php-ext-install intl \
    && apt-get remove libicu-dev icu-devtools -y
RUN { \
        echo 'opcache.memory_consumption=128'; \
        echo 'opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8'; \
        echo 'opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000'; \
        echo 'opcache.revalidate_freq=2'; \
        echo 'opcache.fast_shutdown=1'; \
        echo 'opcache.enable_cli=1'; \
    } > /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/php-opocache-cfg.ini

COPY nginx-site.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
COPY entrypoint.sh /etc/entrypoint.sh

COPY --chown=www-data:www-data . /var/www/mysite

WORKDIR /var/www/mysite

EXPOSE 80 443

ENTRYPOINT ["/etc/entrypoint.sh"]

The nginx-site.conf file contains your Nginx http host configuration. The example below is for a Symfony app:

server {
    root    /var/www/mysite/web;

    include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

    index app.php index.php index.html index.htm;

    client_max_body_size 30m;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /app.php$is_args$args;
    }

    location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$) {
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
        # Mitigate https://httpoxy.org/ vulnerabilities
        fastcgi_param HTTP_PROXY "";
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index app.php;
        include fastcgi.conf;
    }
}

The entrypoint.sh will run Nginx and php-fpm on container startup (otherwise only php-fpm will be started as the default action of the official PHP image):

#!/usr/bin/env bash
service nginx start
php-fpm

Of course, this is not the best way from the best practice perspective, but I hope this is the answer to your question.

Update:

If you get the permission denied error on the entrypoint.sh file, check that this file has the executable permission if you're building from under Linux, or add the RUN chmod +x /etc/entrypoint.sh to the Dockerfile if you're under Windows (all files from under Windows are copied without the executable permission to the container).

If you're running under Google Cloud Run, keep in mind that Nginx startups before PHP and it does that much quicker than PHP. This leads to the issue that when Cloud Run sends the first request, it comes at the moment when Nginx is already initialized, but PHP-FPM is not yet and Cloud Run request fails. To fix that, you should change your entrypoint to startup PHP-FPM before Nginx:

#!/usr/bin/env sh
set -e

php-fpm -D
nginx -g 'daemon off;'

This script is tested under Alpine Linux only. I guess it should also work on other images. This script runs php-fpm first in the background, and then Nginx without exiting. In this way, Nginx always starts listening to ports after PHP-FPM is initialized.

Answer 2

You should deploy two container, one with fpm, the other with nginx, and you should link them. Even though you can use supervisor in order to monitore multiple processes within the same container, Docker philosophy is to have one process per container.

Something like:

docker run --name php -v ./code:/code php:7-fpm
docker run --name nginx -v ./code:/code -v site.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/site.conf --link php nginx:latest

With site.conf with

server {
    index index.php index.html;
    server_name php-docker.local;
    error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log;
    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    root /code;

    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $uri =404;
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        fastcgi_pass php:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
    }
}

(Shamefully inspired by http://geekyplatypus.com/dockerise-your-php-application-with-nginx-and-php7-fpm/)