The message dialog means that the installed product is being repaired because it's damaged, not the same as when first installed. The Windows Event Log (Application) will have an MsiInstaller entry saying something about the ProductCode and the component that is missing.
It's a feature of Windows Installer that it repairs installed items that get removed, so if the application changes or removes files or registry entries then Windows will want to reinstall them. It's the same as going to Programs&Features and doing a Repair on the product.
Fixing it depends on why it's repairing. For example, is the app deleting files or registry entries, and if so then why?
Sometimes people install the MSI with DISABLEADVTSHORTCUTS set to 1 to prevent the shortcuts from doing the repair, but that cannot prevent all repairs, and may be disguising the fact that the app is removing required files.
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa368297(v=vs.85).aspx