On page 423 in Computational Laboratory for Economics, it is stated that "the argument model="fd"
doesn't work correctly, with the current version (1.3-1) of plm
, on unbalanced data with holes." Has this been fixed in the newer versions of plm
?
As a workaround, the author used diff
to obtain the first differences and fitted a model="pooling"
on the differenced data. Can someone explain how the diff
function works on unbalanced data with holes?
Also, on page 68 in the plm documenation version (1.6-5), it is stated that "plm is a general function for the estimation of linear panel models. It supports the following estimation methods: pooled OLS (model = "pooling"), fixed effects ("within"), random effects ("random"), first–differences ("fd"), and between ("between"). It supports unbalanced panels and two–way effects (although not with all methods)."