Yes. In theory, postal code boundaries and time zone boundaries are separate entities, and thus their can be oddities like one postal code with multiple time zones. It is possible.
However, it is hard to find real-world examples. Cities that straddle official boundaries of state, county or country borders tend to have postal codes split along such boundaries, and may use a single time zone by convention - even if it's not the "official" one. (Though, that doesn't mean there aren't any.)
Additionally, consider that many postal codes are not directly related to physical location, but rather are used for routing mail in a particular way. For example, several postal codes in the US are used for sending mail to members of various branches of the military - even if they happen to be stationed overseas. Therefore, not every postal code can be mapped to a time zone.
A better approach is to use the information you have to approximate a latitude and longitude. This process is called "geocoding" and there are many online services that can perform this (including Google Maps). Then, use one of the techniques listed here (including Google Maps) to obtain a time zone ID for that location.