There is a (major) exception to this rule. If your app was installed from the Android Market, the Market app will send an com.android.vending.INSTALL_REFERRER
intent to your app upon installation. For example, AnySoftKeyboard displays a custom notification after it is installed:

It makes a lot of sense for a keyboard to display a notification because new keyboards are disabled by default, so a notification can prompt users to enable it. Otherwise most users would assume the install failed when their keyboard wasn't on the list of input devices (followed by angry support emails, or even worse -- BAD RATINGS AND REFUNDS!).
Refer to this page for more information: Get referrer after installing app from Android Market. I also found this code in the AnySoftKeyboard manifest file (located at http://softkeyboard.googlecode.com):
<receiver android:name="com.anysoftkeyboard.receivers.AnySoftKeyboardInstalledReceiver" android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.android.vending.INSTALL_REFERRER" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
I hope this helps,
Barry