There are a couple of methods you could use to get the data into the program associated with a name, depending on how your program is structured.
If your program doesn't contain variables with those names already, then there's not a way to generate variables from a file. You could create a dictionary mapping the names to the values and use that as your "variable".
I suppose you could also have a dictionary mapping the names to the addresses of existing variables... so that you look up the name and then deref the variable to set if its in the dictionary.
As a really far-out solution... if you can recompile each time there is a new file (ie. the file is really compile-time input, not run-time input) then you might be able to use some kind of preprocessing to #include
the (possibly itself preprocessed into c-code) file of data.