If you want the font-size to change based on the screen size, you can use viewport sizes, like so:
div {
border: 2px solid;
padding: 20px;
width: 300px;
resize: both;
overflow: auto;
font-size: 5vmin;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/css-element-queries/0.4.0/ResizeSensor.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/css-element-queries/0.4.0/ElementQueries.min.js"></script>
<div>
Some long text goes there...
</div>
However, if you want the font-size to change based on the user resizing the parent container, Javascript is the only way. You don't have to reinvent the wheel either as there are a lot of plugins already available to do the work for you.
You can refer here for more details: resize font-size according to div size