Need help on easy topic

Question

Quick and easy question. I was wondering when we are doing a regression in R, what does it mean if we do this:

Y ~ .

Instead of let's say

Y ~ X

Thanks in advance,

Answer 1

The dot signifies any columns from data that are otherwise not used. y ~ x means y is proportional to x, i.e., y = mx + b.

In other words, an expression y ~ model meanss that the response y is modeled by the linear predictor, model.

See this article and see this s.o. post