In the meantime I managed to submit to iTunes. Here is how:
Create a folder <your-catalog-name>.xcassets
(typical default is Assets.xcassets
) located in src/ios/assets
. The contents of this folder must match the iOS SDK 11 asset catalog format, therefore it's called the "Asset catalog folder". It is best created using XCode (see https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Xcode/Reference/xcode_ref-Asset_Catalog_Format/FolderStructure.html) and then copy-pasting the resulting file system folder, using Mac OS Finder, into your Gluon Mobile project.
Tip: Be careful not to confuse Asset catalog folder and Asset folder located therein.
Screenshot from my Intellij project, which contains two asset folders, AppIcon.appiconset
and LaunchImage.launchimage
:

Note the Contents.json
files in each of the asset folders. Once created by XCode, I would not recommend that you change anything manually, except you know exactly what you're doing.
Then refer to the Asset folder with a entry in Info.plist like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
...
<!-- The name "AppIcon" refers to the asset folder name of type "appiconset",
that is the first part of the folder name "AppIcon.appiconset".
This folder is located inside the asset catalog "Assets.xcassets",
which in turn is located in the project folder "src/ios/assets".
-->
<key>CFBundleIconName</key>
<string>AppIcon</string>
...
</dict>
</plist>
Note that there are different types of asset folders. Besides the '...appiconset' asset folder, you also need a ...launchimage
folder, but that's all created easily with XCode, according to the link above. See also https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Xcode/Reference/xcode_ref-Asset_Catalog_Format/AssetTypes.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40015170-CH30-SW1
I was first confused by various old versions of configuring iOS app icons, for example from https://github.com/gluonhq/gluon-samples/blob/master/notes/src/ios/Default-Info.plist:
Old format DO NOT USE!:
<key>CFBundleIconFiles</key>
<array>
<string>Icon-60</string>
<string>Icon-76</string>
<string>Icon-Small-40</string>
<string>Icon-Small</string>
</array>
<key>CFBundleIconFiles~ipad</key>
<array>
<string>Icon-76</string>
<string>Icon-Small-40</string>
<string>Icon-Small</string>
</array>
Also this is an old format, DO NOT USE!:
<key>CFBundleIcons</key>
<dict>
<key>CFBundlePrimaryIcon</key>
<dict>
<key>CFBundleIconFiles</key>
<array>
<string>Icon</string>
<string>Icon-72</string>
<string>Icon-120</string>
...
</array>
</dict>
</dict>
Finally, I include the to links which helped me to figure out all this:
https://medium.com/@hellosunschein/launchimage-s-explained-33b88c02d027
https://github.com/MobiVM/robovm/issues/210