importing from folder in same package in python

Question

i am using pyramid in views.py

from pyramid.response import Response
from pyramid.view import view_config
import os
import uuid
import shutil
import hashlib
from .service.fun import *

def forservo():
    return "HAppy HERE"


@view_config(route_name='home',request_method='GET')
def home(request):
    return Response('html')

in fun.py

from ..views import *

print forservo()

it throws error saying name 'forservo' is not defined

folder structure is

myapp
  myapp
  service
    __init__.py
    fun.py
  __init__.py
  views.py

You are trying to do a circular import. views.py can import from fun.py OR fun.py can import from views, but not both at the same time. — Steve Piercy, Jul 09 '18 at 12:24
@StevePiercy but i need both files to import from each other is there no way? — which_part, Jul 09 '18 at 12:27
You can use a circular import, but IMO you should not. Instead see answer by @Sergey or https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22187279/python-circular-importing — Steve Piercy, Jul 09 '18 at 21:28

score 2 · Accepted Answer · answered Jul 09 '18 at 20:44

You have a cyclic import - fun.py imports from views.py and views.py imports from fun.py.

In this situation, things happen roughly like this:

Python opens views.py and executes it up to the line from .service.fun import *
It then has to stop executing views.py and opens fun.py.
The very first line of fun.py tells it to stop and import views.py
The import statement returns the partially-executed module which does not yet have forservo function defined.

Cyclic imports can be resolved by moving the common bits of code needed both by fun.py and views.py into a separate module. A less elegant solution is to move some imports below the functions which are causing the cyclic import error or make them local inside a function which needs the import.

Ravishankar N · Answer 2 · 2018-07-09T12:21:16.127

0

In this folder structure

myapp
  myapp 
   service
   __init__.py
   fun.py
  __init__.py
  views.py

Where views.py has the content

from pyramid.response import Response
from pyramid.view import view_config
import os
import uuid
import shutil
import hashlib
from .service.fun import *

def forservo():
    return "HAppy HERE"


@view_config(route_name='home',request_method='GET')
def home(request):
    return Response('html')

Then import statement in fun.py is:

from myapp.views import forservo()

print forservo()

and this will print "HAppy HERE"

edited Jul 09 '18 at 12:21

answered Jul 09 '18 at 11:52

Ravishankar N

31
5

i added folder structure and it is quite opposite – which_part Jul 09 '18 at 11:58
ImportError: cannot import name forservo – which_part Jul 09 '18 at 12:26

importing from folder in same package in python

2 Answers2