A concise version may be achieved if you aim at keeping only characters as follows by replacing everything that is not a character. Furthermore, I guess that you want to replace it by a blank because you mentioned something about corpus. Otherwise your addresses will be collapsed to noe long string (but maybe that is what you want - as stated you might provide an example).
x = c("https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51582369/how-can-i-remove-punctuations-and-numbers-in-text-from-data-frame-file-in-r"
, "http://stackoverflow.com/questions/51582369/how-can-i-remove-punctuations-and-numbers-in-text-from-data-frame-file-in-r")
gsub("\\W|\\d|http\\w?", " ", x, perl = T)
# [1] " stackoverflow com questions how can i remove punctuations and numbers in text from data frame file in r"
# [2] " stackoverflow com questions how can i remove punctuations and numbers in text from data frame file in r"
the same task for a data frame of 100000 rows
# make sure that your strings are not factors
df = data.frame(id = 1:1e5, url = rep(x, 1e5/2), stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
# df before replacement
df[1:4, ]
# id url
# 1 1 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51582369/how-can-i-remove-punctuations-and-numbers-in-text-from-data-frame-file-in-r
# 2 2 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/51582369/how-can-i-remove-punctuations-and-numbers-in-text-from-data-frame-file-in-r
# 3 3 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51582369/how-can-i-remove-punctuations-and-numbers-in-text-from-data-frame-file-in-r
# 4 4 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/51582369/how-can-i-remove-punctuations-and-numbers-in-text-from-data-frame-file-in-r
# apply replacement on a specific column and assign result back to this column
df$url = gsub("\\W|\\d|http\\w?", " ", df$url, perl = T)
# check output
df[1:4, ]
# id url
# 1 1 stackoverflow com questions how can i remove punctuations and numbers in text from data frame file in r
# 2 2 stackoverflow com questions how can i remove punctuations and numbers in text from data frame file in r
# 3 3 stackoverflow com questions how can i remove punctuations and numbers in text from data frame file in r
# 4 4 stackoverflow com questions how can i remove punctuations and numbers in text from data frame file in r