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Using TensorFlow/Keras, I want to classify pictures into two classes, selfie and non-selfie.

I have gathered samples into two filesystem folders, one for each category.

I implemented the training below by following the official tutorial for MNIST fashion (which is also a pictures classification problem), after using loading pictures from the filesystem as seen at https://stackoverflow.com/a/52417770/226958.

Unfortunately, I get an error:

1.10.1
Tensor("IteratorGetNext:0", shape=(?, 100, 100, 1), dtype=float32)
Tensor("IteratorGetNext:1", shape=(?,), dtype=int32)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "run.py", line 50, in <module>
    model.fit(images, labels, epochs=1, steps_per_epoch=60000)
  File "/home/nico/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/keras/engine/training.py", line 1278, in fit
    validation_split=validation_split)
  File "/home/nico/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/keras/engine/training.py", line 878, in _standardize_user_data
    exception_prefix='input')
  File "/home/nico/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/keras/engine/training_utils.py", line 182, in standardize_input_data
    'with shape ' + str(data_shape))
ValueError: Error when checking input: expected flatten_input to have 3 dimensions, but got array with shape (None, 100, 100, 1)

Here is the source code:

import tensorflow as tf
print(tf.__version__)

out_shape = tf.convert_to_tensor([100, 100])
batch_size = 2

image_paths, labels = ["selfies-data/1", "selfies-data/2"], [1, 2]
epoch_size = len(image_paths)
image_paths = tf.convert_to_tensor(image_paths, dtype=tf.string)
labels = tf.convert_to_tensor(labels)

# The images loading part is from https://stackoverflow.com/a/52417770/226958
dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((image_paths, labels))
dataset = dataset.repeat().shuffle(epoch_size)

def map_fn(path, label):
    # path/label represent values for a single example
    image = tf.image.decode_jpeg(tf.read_file(path))

    # some mapping to constant size - be careful with distorting aspec ratios
    image = tf.image.resize_images(image, out_shape)
    image = tf.image.rgb_to_grayscale(image)
    # color normalization - just an example
    image = tf.to_float(image) * (2. / 255) - 1
    return image, label

# num_parallel_calls > 1 induces intra-batch shuffling
dataset = dataset.map(map_fn, num_parallel_calls=8)
dataset = dataset.batch(batch_size)
dataset = dataset.prefetch(1)

images, labels = dataset.make_one_shot_iterator().get_next()

# All of the following is from https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials/keras/basic_classification
from tensorflow import keras

model = keras.Sequential([
    keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(100, 100)),
    keras.layers.Dense(128, activation=tf.nn.relu),
    keras.layers.Dense(10, activation=tf.nn.softmax)
])

model.compile(optimizer=tf.train.AdamOptimizer(),
              loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
              metrics=['accuracy'])

print(images)
print(labels)
model.fit(images, labels, epochs=epoch_size, steps_per_epoch=60000)

While there are similar questions which I have read, I don't see any question with this None.

How can I adapt Keras to my input, or transform my input so that Keras accepts it?

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Nicolas Raoul
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1 Answers1

3

1) The images have one channel so this must be reflected in the input shape argument:

keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(100, 100, 1))

2) To load the files with tf.data API, you need to first fetch the image filenames and their corresponding labels:

image_paths, lbls = ["selfies-data/1", "selfies-data/2"], [0., 1.]

labels = []
file_names = []
for d, l in zip(image_paths, lbls):
    # get the list all the images file names
    name = [os.path.join(d,f) for f in os.listdir(d)]
    file_names.extend(name)
    labels.extend([l] * len(name))

file_names = tf.convert_to_tensor(file_names, dtype=tf.string)
labels = tf.convert_to_tensor(labels)

dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((file_names, labels))

# the rest is the same

You may also need to expand the dimension of labels to make it have a shape of (?, 1) (instead of (?,)). To do so, you can put the following line in map_fn function:

labels = tf.expand_dims(labels, axis=-1)

3) If you have two classes, then why the last layer has 10 units? It is a binary classification problem, so make the last layer have one unit with sigmoid activation. Finally, change the loss to binary_crossentropy:

       # ... 
       keras.layers.Dense(1, activation=tf.nn.sigmoid)
])

model.compile(optimizer=tf.train.AdamOptimizer(),
              loss='binary_crossentropy',
              metrics=['accuracy'])
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