Replicating a specific plot - ggplot axis not as they should be

Question

I have some data and I am trying to re-create a plot. However I cannot seem to get the axis aligned.

I am trying to plot something very similar to the following:

A bar and a line plot with two different axis. However my attempt does not seem to work:

ggplot(df, aes(x = years)) +
  geom_col(aes( y = IPOs_sum, fill="redfill")) +
  #geom_text(aes(y = IPOs_sum, label = IPOs_sum), fontface = "bold", vjust = 1.4, color = "black", size = 4) +
  geom_line(aes(y = returns_mean, group = 1, color = 'blackline')) +
  #geom_text(aes(y = returns_mean, label = round(returns_mean, 2)), vjust = 1.4, color = "black", size = 3) +
  scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = sec_axis(trans = ~ . / 20)) +
  scale_fill_manual('', labels = 'IPOs_sum', values = "#C00000") +
  scale_color_manual('', labels = 'returns', values = 'black') +
  theme_minimal()

The problem I am having is that the returns line plot uses the same scale as the bar plot which makes the line plot seem very small. I have tried scale_y_continuous

https://site.warrington.ufl.edu/ritter/files/2018/03/UnitedStates1980-2017.pdf

Data:

df <- structure(list(years = c(1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 
1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 
1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 
2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017), 
    returns_mean = c(49.525, 16.7583333333333, 15.2416666666667, 
    23.5916666666667, 11.6833333333333, 13.2, 6.39166666666667, 
    5.77272727272727, 4.65833333333333, 8.61666666666667, 9.56363636363636, 
    14.25, 10.6416666666667, 13.0916666666667, 9.86666666666667, 
    20.5166666666667, 17.3083333333333, 13.7916666666667, 39.6916666666667, 
    75.8416666666667, 49.0916666666667, 13.3363636363636, 8.48, 
    14.9666666666667, 13.3166666666667, 10.35, 11.3333333333333, 
    17.4083333333333, 4.47777777777778, 13.0888888888889, 7.99166666666667, 
    14.6272727272727, 16.6583333333333, 21.1666666666667, 15.8666666666667, 
    18.4583333333333, 11.0181818181818, 12.3583333333333), IPOs_mean = c(19.8333333333333, 
    37.5, 18.5, 73.5833333333333, 46, 42.25, 79.4166666666667, 
    52.5, 18.9166666666667, 17, 14.3333333333333, 30.5833333333333, 
    42.4166666666667, 52.25, 47.3333333333333, 47.1666666666667, 
    70.4166666666667, 51, 32.6666666666667, 45.3333333333333, 
    35.3333333333333, 11, 13.3333333333333, 11, 25.25, 23.3333333333333, 
    21.25, 20.75, 4.5, 6.33333333333333, 16.4166666666667, 15, 
    14.9166666666667, 21, 24.3333333333333, 14.3333333333333, 
    8.5, 16.0833333333333), returns_sd = c(30.9637067607164, 
    15.6027653920319, 18.6855538917749, 15.2870984424082, 2.74684391896437, 
    7.93702486051062, 4.59277264907165, 3.22275996906096, 4.27263136578371, 
    4.64872090586282, 4.9828250475554, 6.13299570875737, 6.54404077745316, 
    3.15204358914638, 3.6317622402488, 5.84587396581918, 6.69225581390818, 
    5.55361607559899, 47.3886725692838, 27.7436137887732, 31.6808935346135, 
    5.95605116285492, 5.27863618750146, 10.4857045542968, 8.05298739975458, 
    5.26402887530074, 5.75141616289309, 13.283992987689, 15.0286208430596, 
    9.68948456374802, 5.44951346174105, 8.37568993087625, 7.3368879126251, 
    5.83022427969243, 7.73672861724965, 14.1409436700239, 15.1387461952315, 
    12.0595837658711), IPOs_sd = c(9.44682085372768, 12.6383255507711, 
    8.74382899275514, 26.6473888652028, 11.7008158223729, 9.66836453218809, 
    24.9743808125386, 23.1025382312696, 5.31649804995276, 6.66060330327789, 
    6.9325757161827, 15.4358398383487, 11.7508864913815, 16.7610207977264, 
    12.6371266392709, 20.0264975984471, 19.965690268027, 14.709304414677, 
    18.7778076623993, 14.2148023574233, 18.6953243222778, 4.26401432711221, 
    5.39921430872263, 7.92005509622709, 8.48662048596067, 8.15010689649175, 
    7.9444091261488, 8.1700673191841, 4.07876986803174, 4.05268336096498, 
    5.07145905728292, 7.54381143117263, 7.06410044885512, 7.90856842579329, 
    7.77330318617783, 7.15202874375622, 6.18649555667239, 6.94731253904353
    ), returns_min = c(12.7, 2.2, -0.9, 2.5, 7.2, 3.6, 1, 0.5, 
    -0.6, 0.6, 0.6, 6.4, 3.2, 8.9, 6.5, 9.2, 8.9, 6, 9.3, 37.1, 
    15.8, 5.7, 1.9, -3.3, 0.5, 4.5, 0.4, 5.2, -19.9, 0.3, -3.5, 
    1.8, 2.4, 13.6, 5.2, -6, -4.3, -4.9), IPOs_min = c(8, 20, 
    11, 24, 28, 26, 37, 7, 11, 8, 4, 4, 22, 22, 26, 18, 29, 33, 
    6, 22, 9, 4, 6, 1, 11, 13, 10, 5, 0, 1, 8, 3, 6, 10, 13, 
    2, 0, 7), returns_sum = c(594.3, 201.1, 182.9, 283.1, 140.2, 
    158.4, 76.7, 63.5, 55.9, 103.4, 105.2, 171, 127.7, 157.1, 
    118.4, 246.2, 207.7, 165.5, 476.3, 910.1, 589.1, 146.7, 84.8, 
    134.7, 159.8, 124.2, 136, 208.9, 40.3, 117.8, 95.9, 160.9, 
    199.9, 254, 190.4, 221.5, 121.2, 148.3), IPOs_sum = c(238L, 
    450L, 222L, 883L, 552L, 507L, 953L, 630L, 227L, 204L, 172L, 
    367L, 509L, 627L, 568L, 566L, 845L, 612L, 392L, 544L, 424L, 
    132L, 160L, 132L, 303L, 280L, 255L, 249L, 54L, 76L, 197L, 
    180L, 179L, 252L, 292L, 172L, 102L, 193L)), class = c("tbl_df", 
"tbl", "data.frame"), row.names = c(NA, -38L))

[Here](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3099219/plot-with-2-y-axes-one-y-axis-on-the-left-and-another-y-axis-on-the-right) the double y-axis issue, something to read (and it polarizes the readers). — s__, Nov 12 '18 at 14:02

score 1 · Answer 1 · answered Nov 12 '18 at 14:13

1

Consider showing the data in a different way, possibly with a connected scatterplot:

dplyr::arrange(df, years) %>% 
  dplyr::mutate(col = ifelse(years >= 2000, "#08519c", "#74c476")) %>% 
  ggplot() +
  geom_path(aes(IPOs_sum, returns_mean)) +
  geom_label(aes(IPOs_sum, returns_mean, label=years, fill=I(col)), color = "white") +
  ggalt::geom_encircle(data = dplyr::filter(df, years > 2000), aes(IPOs_sum, returns_mean)) +
  labs(
    x = "Number of Offerings (IPOs)", y = "Average First-day Returns",
    title = "IPO Volume (Both Annual Count and Day-1 Returns)\nHas Been Very Low in the U.S. Since 2000"
  ) +
  hrbrthemes::theme_ipsum_rc(grid="XY")

answered Nov 12 '18 at 14:13

hrbrmstr

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I actually really like this. Creative! I have not looked at the code yet but did you just set all firms after 2000 to be blue and all firms less than 2000 to be green? – user113156 Nov 12 '18 at 14:21
1

aye. you can do pretty much anything tho. this was just a quick hack. You have to do some data wrangling and use geom_segment() if you want arrows at each step (though the lines may not be necessary anyway) – hrbrmstr Nov 12 '18 at 14:35
1

Thanks! I think I will spend the rest of the day trying to add funky arrows to this plot, rather than move on with more pressing things! – user113156 Nov 12 '18 at 14:39

score 0 · Answer 2 · answered Nov 12 '18 at 13:58

0

You are right, the geom_* will all use the same y axis value. The secondary axis is just for display as far as I know.

What you can do is transform the value of returns to make it fits the left axis. If you don't want to modify the data, you can directly scale the value of returns in the geom_line's aes.

geom_line(aes(y = returns_mean * 20, group = 1, color = 'blackline'))

answered Nov 12 '18 at 13:58

Slagt

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That certainly seems to be one way to solve the problem, slightly dangerous modifying the axis this way but I can maybe adjust it so much as to try and replicate the original graph. – user113156 Nov 12 '18 at 14:01

Replicating a specific plot - ggplot axis not as they should be

2 Answers2