How to retrieve, values, names and group names in one SQL query

Question

I used to have an EAV shema with 4 tables in MySQl 5.7:

1. articles
2. article attributes
3. attribute names
4. attribute group names

After running into huge complexity, I learned from another question that this is not a good shema. So I got rid of table 2 where all the attributes have been stored and saved them either with values or value_ids directly into table one, as the STI model suggests.

Now I ended up with 3 tables:

1. articles
2. attribute names
3. attribute group names

At first it looked like it made my live easier, but while trying to replace a simple query that was getting all attribute group names and attribute names of a specific article I figured that this is also not ideal.

My previous query looked like this:

SELECT 
    cag.name_de, 
    cag.attr_group_id, 
    attr.attr_de, 
    attr.attr_id 
FROM 
    articles_attr aa, 
    cat_attr attr, 
    cat_attr_groups cag 
WHERE 
    aa.article_id = '181206' 
    AND aa.attr_id = attr.attr_id 
    AND cag.attr_group_id = attr.attr_group_id

Now with the new schema, I would need at least this:

Get all group names like e.g. "color"

SELECT 
    name_de,
    attr_group_id 
FROM 
    cat_attr_groups

Get all indirect values which have an ID like e.g. "green"

SELECT 
    attr.attr_group_id, 
    attr.attr_de
FROM 
    articles a, 
    cat_attr attr
WHERE 
    a.article_id = '181206' 
    AND (
            (a.dial_c_id = attr.attr_id)
        OR  (a.dial_n_id = attr.attr_id)
        OR  (a.bracelet_color_id = attr.attr_id)
    )

// pseudo code
$attr[$row->attr_group_id] = $row->attr_de;

Get all direct values:

SELECT 
    jewels,
    vibrations
FROM 
    articles a
WHERE 
    a.article_id = '181206' 


// pseudo code
$attr[4] = $row->jewels;

Map group names with group ids

foreach($attr AS $key => $value){
    // somehow
}

This does not seem to be very elegant. How could I design my shema better or how could those queries be rewritten to retrieve the values in an acceptable query time?