POSIX says:
If the signal-catching function executes a return statement, the behavior of the interrupted function shall be as described individually for that function, except as noted for unsafe functions.
So, either you look through all functions individually or filter your man pages for EINTR and POSIX. I did the latter and got:
accept,
aio_suspend,
catclose,
catgets,
chmod,
chown,
clock_nanosleep,
close,
closedir,
connect,
dup,
errno,
exec,
fallocate,
fchdir,
fchmod,
fchown,
fclose,
fcntl,
fflush,
fgetc,
fgetwc,
fopen,
fork,
fputc,
fputwc,
freopen,
fseek,
fsetpos,
fsync,
ftruncate,
getgrent,
getgrgid,
getgrnam,
getmsg,
getpwent,
getpwnam,
getpwuid,
ioctl,
lchown,
lio_listio,
lockf,
mq_open,
mq_receive,
mq_send,
msgop,
msgrcv,
msgsnd,
nanosleep,
open,
pause,
pclose,
poll,
posix_fallocate,
posix_mem_offset,
posix_trace_create,
posix_trace_get_filter,
posix_trace_getnext_event,
posix_trace_open,
posix_trace_start,
posix_typed_mem_get_info,
posix_typed_mem_open,
printf,
pthread_atfork,
pthread_attr_getdetachstate,
pthread_attr_getguardsize,
pthread_attr_getinheritsched,
pthread_attr_getschedparam,
pthread_attr_getschedpolicy,
pthread_attr_getscope,
pthread_attr_getstack,
pthread_attr_getstackaddr,
pthread_attr_getstacksize,
pthread_attr_init,
pthread_barrier_init,
pthread_barrier_wait,
pthread_barrierattr_getpshared,
pthread_barrierattr_init,
pthread_cancel,
pthread_cleanup_push,
pthread_cond_init,
pthread_cond_signal,
pthread_cond_wait,
pthread_condattr_getclock,
pthread_condattr_getpshared,
pthread_condattr_init,
pthread_create,
pthread_detach,
pthread_equal,
pthread_getconcurrency,
pthread_getschedparam,
pthread_getspecific,
pthread_join,
pthread_key_create,
pthread_key_delete,
pthread_kill,
pthread_mutex_getprioceiling,
pthread_mutex_init,
pthread_mutex_lock,
pthread_mutex_timedlock,
pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling,
pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol,
pthread_mutexattr_getpshared,
pthread_mutexattr_gettype,
pthread_mutexattr_init,
pthread_once,
pthread_rwlock_init,
pthread_rwlock_rdlock,
pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock,
pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock,
pthread_rwlock_unlock,
pthread_rwlock_wrlock,
pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared,
pthread_rwlockattr_init,
pthread_self,
pthread_setschedprio,
pthread_spin_init,
pthread_spin_lock,
pthread_spin_unlock,
pthread_testcancel,
putmsg,
read,
recv,
recvfrom,
recvmsg,
scanf,
select,
select_tut,
sem_open,
sem_timedwait,
sem_wait,
semop,
send,
sendmsg,
sendto,
shm_open,
sigaction,
siginterrupt,
sigpause,
sigprocmask,
sigset,
sigsuspend,
sigvec,
sigwaitinfo,
statfs,
statvfs,
system,
tcdrain,
tcsetattr,
tmpfile,
truncate,
ualarm,
usleep,
wait,
waitid and
write