If you want to get the value of the sibling you need to iterate over the array to find it as @MRustamzade answered.
foreach ($bookmarksIDs as $bookmarksID) {
if($bookmarksID["id"] == "33767"){
//do something
}
}
But if you are seeking for better performance you may change the structure of the array to be indexed by id value ie:
$bookmarksIDs = [
"id_33767"=>[
"dateAdded"=> 1551944452042
],
"id_33743"=>[
"dateAdded"=> 1551944540159
]
]
so you can access it directly by:
$bookmarksIDs["id_".$id/*33743*/]["dateAdded"];
In this case make sure that the value of id is unique to not override the old values
Or you can use if you want to preserve the array structure
array_column($bookmarksIDs ,'dateAdded','id')
to get array like :
$bookmarksIDs = [
"33767"=>1551944452042
,
"33743"=> 1551944540159
]
And the dateAdded it directly bookmarksIDs["33767"].